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Literature and Life (Complete)
Literature and Life (Complete)

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete) is here in full — 139 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.
He would do nothing to betray himself.
But little by little he would begin to befriend her.
He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.
Nina would get to watching for him.
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Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Literature and Life (Complete)

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete) is here in full — 139 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.
/hiː wʊd rɪˈspekt ðə ɡɜːrl ɪn hɪz dʌl ˈslʌɡɪʃ ˈnɔːrðərn weɪ/
Line 2
He would do nothing to betray himself.
/hiː wʊd duː ˈnʌθɪŋ tuː bɪˈtreɪ hɪmˈself/
Line 3
But little by little he would begin to befriend her.
/bʌt ˈlɪtəl baɪ ˈlɪtəl hiː wʊd bɪˈɡɪn tuː bɪˈfrend hɜːr/
Line 4
He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.
/hiː wʊd ˈkerləsli ˈoʊvərloʊd hɪz kɑːrt bɪˈfɔːr hiː left ðə jɑːrd soʊ ðæt ðə koʊk wʊd fɔːl frʌm ɪt mɔːr ˈlævɪʃli ənd nɑːt ˈoʊnli ðɪs bʌt ɪf hiː sɔː ə stoʊn ɔːr ə piːs ʌv koʊl ɪn ðə striːt hiː wʊd draɪv ˈoʊvər ɪt soʊ ðæt mɔːr koʊk wʊd biː ˈdʒoʊltɪd frʌm hɪz loʊd/
Line 5
Nina would get to watching for him.
/ˈniːnə wʊd ɡet tuː ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ fɔːr hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

befriend verb US /bɪˈfrend/

become friends with

From this reading “But little by little he would begin to befriend her.”

coal noun US /koʊl/

fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading “He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.”

coke noun US /koʊk/

carbon fuel produced by distillation of coal

From this reading “He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.”

jolted adjective US /ˈdʒoʊltɪd/

bumped or shaken jerkily

From this reading “He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.”

lavishly adverb US /ˈlævɪʃli/

in a wasteful manner

From this reading “He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.”

Nina noun US /ˈniːnə/

the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea

From this reading “Nina would get to watching for him.”

overload verb US /ˈoʊvərloʊd/

become overloaded

From this reading “He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.”

sluggish adjective US /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/

moving slowly

From this reading “He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

befriendverbUS /bɪˈfrend/

become friends with

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

betrayverbUS /bɪˈtreɪ/

reveal unintentionally

From this reading He would do nothing to betray himself.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

carelesslyadverbUS /ˈkerləsli/

without care or concern

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

cartnounUS /kɑːrt/

a heavy open wagon usually having two wheels and drawn by an animal

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

coalnounUS /koʊl/

fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

cokenounUS /koʊk/

carbon fuel produced by distillation of coal

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He would do nothing to betray himself.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Nina would get to watching for him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Nina would get to watching for him.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Nina would get to watching for him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He would do nothing to betray himself.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

joltedadjectiveUS /ˈdʒoʊltɪd/

bumped or shaken jerkily

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

lavishlyadverbUS /ˈlævɪʃli/

in a wasteful manner

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading But little by little he would begin to befriend her.

loadnounUS /loʊd/

weight to be borne or conveyed

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

NinanounUS /ˈniːnə/

the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea

From this reading Nina would get to watching for him.

NorthernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading He would do nothing to betray himself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

overloadverbUS /ˈoʊvərloʊd/

become overloaded

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

sluggishadjectiveUS /ˈslʌɡɪʃ/

moving slowly

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He would do nothing to betray himself.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading Nina would get to watching for him.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He would respect the girl, in his dull, sluggish, Northern way.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading He would carelessly overload his cart before he left the yard, so that the coke would fall from it more lavishly; and not only this, but if he saw a stone or a piece of coal in the street he would drive over it, so that more coke would be jolted from his load.

Chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete) by William Dean Howells holds 139 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete) contain?

Chapter 12 holds 139 sentences of Literature and Life (Complete), unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete) by William Dean Howells exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 139 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Literature and Life (Complete)?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Literature and Life (Complete)

Common questions about reading Literature and Life (Complete) by William Dean Howells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Literature and Life (Complete)?

Yes. All 5547 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3389 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Literature and Life (Complete) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3389, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Literature and Life (Complete) take to read?

About 462 minutes of reading across 1110 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Literature and Life (Complete)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Literature and Life (Complete), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Perhaps
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature and Life (Complete); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reader
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature and Life (Complete); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
These
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature and Life (Complete); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Papers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature and Life (Complete); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.