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Literature in the Elementary School
Literature in the Elementary School

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.
One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.
They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.
The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.
It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Literature in the Elementary School

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School is here in full — 129 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.
/ˈdrɑːmə ðer ɑːr ˈmeni ʌv ðə ˈeləmənts ʌv ˈdrɑːmə ðæt ɑːr ˈemənəntli ˈsɜːrvəsəbəl ɪn ðə tʃaɪldz ˈlɪtəreri ənd ɑːrˈtɪstɪk ˈtreɪnɪŋ/
Line 2
One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.
Line 3
They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.
/ðeɪ ɑːr ˈeləmənts ˈoʊnli wɪð rɪˈspekt tuː ðə ˈkɑːmpleks hoʊl wɪtʃ wiː kɔːl ə ˈdrɑːmə/
Line 4
The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.
/ðə ˈeləmənts ʌv ˈdrɑːmə ɑːr ˈstɔːri plɑːt ˈkerɪktər ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ ˈdʒestʃər steɪdʒ rɪˈkwaɪrmənts æd tuː ðiːz ðə ˈmætər ʌv ˈlɪtəreri ɪkˈspreʃən ə prəˈnaʊnst ˈstrʌktʃər wɪtʃ dɪˈvaɪdz ðə prəˈdʌkʃən ˈɪntuː ˈklɪrli dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt pɑːrts ɔːr ækts ənd æd ðə ˈfɜːrðər fækt ðæt ɪn ɔːl ɪts dɪˈveləpt ənd ˈtɪpəkəl ˈspesəmənz ˈdrɑːmə ɪz ðə ɪkˈspreʃən ənd ˌprezənˈteɪʃən ʌv ə ˈkɑːmpleks ˈsoʊʃəl ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən ɔːr ðə ˈviːhɪkəl ʌv ə məˈtʃʊr fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/
Line 5
It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.
/ɪt ɪz kwaɪt ˈevədənt ðen ðæt ðə ˈfʊli ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd ˈlɪtəreri ˈdrɑːmə wɪl biː boʊθ tuː ˈkɑːmpleks ənd tuː ˈdɪfəkəlt fɔːr ˈtʃɪldrən ˈʌndər twelv ənd ɪn moʊst kəˈmjuːnətiz fɔːr ˈeni ˌeləˈmentri ˈtʃɪldrən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

communities noun US /kəˈmjuːnətiz/

plural of “community” — a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading “It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.”

designate verb US /ˈdezəɡneɪt/

assign a name or title to

From this reading “One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.”

divides noun US /dɪˈvaɪdz/

plural of “divide” — a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)

From this reading “The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.”

elementary adjective US /ˌeləˈmentri/

easy and not involved or complicated

From this reading “It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.”

impersonation noun US /ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən/

a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect

From this reading “The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.”

presentation noun US /ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/

the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)

From this reading “The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.”

requirements noun US /rɪˈkwaɪrmənts/

plural of “requirement” — required activity

From this reading “The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.”

serviceable adjective US /ˈsɜːrvəsəbəl/

ready for service or able to give long service

From this reading “DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

quite evident adverb + adjective

In this reading “It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.”

with respect preposition + noun

In this reading “They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

actsnounUS /ækts/

a New Testament book describing the development of the early church from Christ's Ascension to Paul's sojourn at Rome

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

artisticadjectiveUS /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

relating to or characteristic of art or artists

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

child'snounUS /tʃaɪldz/

possessive form of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

clearlyadverbUS /ˈklɪrli/

without doubt or question

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

communitiesnounUS /kəˈmjuːnətiz/

plural of “community” — a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

complexnounUS /ˈkɑːmpleks/

a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

constitutedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

designateverbUS /ˈdezəɡneɪt/

assign a name or title to

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

developedadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

dialoguenounUS /ˈdaɪəlɔːɡ/

a conversation between two persons

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

dividesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪdz/

plural of “divide” — a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

DRAMAnounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

elementaryadjectiveUS /ˌeləˈmentri/

easy and not involved or complicated

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

elementsnounUS /ˈeləmənts/

violent or severe weather (viewed as caused by the action of the four elements)

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

eminentlyadverbUS /ˈemənəntli/

in an eminent manner

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

evidentadjectiveUS /ˈevədənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

explainingverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

fullyadverbUS /ˈfʊli/

to the greatest degree or extent; completely or entirely; (“full” in this sense is used as a combining form)

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

gesturenounUS /ˈdʒestʃər/

motion of hands or body to emphasize or help to express a thought or feeling

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

impersonationnounUS /ˌɪmpərsəˈneɪʃən/

a representation of a person that is exaggerated for comic effect

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

matureadjectiveUS /məˈtʃʊr/

characteristic of maturity

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

philosophynounUS /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

plotnounUS /plɑːt/

a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

presentationnounUS /ˌprezənˈteɪʃən/

the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

primitiveadjectiveUS /ˈprɪmətɪv/

belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

productionnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃən/

the act or process of producing something

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

requirementsnounUS /rɪˈkwaɪrmənts/

plural of “requirement” — required activity

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

serviceableadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəbəl/

ready for service or able to give long service

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

specimensnounUS /ˈspesəmənz/

plural of “specimen” — an example regarded as typical of its class

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

structurenounUS /ˈstrʌktʃər/

a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

trainingnounUS /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/

activity leading to skilled behavior

From this reading DRAMA There are many of the elements of drama that are eminently serviceable in the child's literary and artistic training.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

typicaladjectiveUS /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

vehiclenounUS /ˈviːhɪkəl/

a conveyance that transports people or objects

From this reading The elements of drama are story, plot, character, impersonation, dialogue, gesture, stage requirements; add to these the matter of literary expression, a pronounced structure which divides the production into clearly distinguished parts or acts; and add the further fact that in all its developed and typical specimens drama is the expression and presentation of a complex social situation, or the vehicle of a mature philosophy.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is quite evident, then, that the fully constituted literary drama will be both too complex and too difficult for children under twelve, and in most communities for any elementary children.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They are elements only with respect to the complex whole which we call a drama.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading One cannot use the word "elements" in this connection without explaining that the word as used here does not designate absolutely simple and primitive things.

Chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School by Porter Lander MacClintock holds 129 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School contain?

Chapter 13 holds 129 sentences of Literature in the Elementary School, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School by Porter Lander MacClintock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 129 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Literature in the Elementary School?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Literature in the Elementary School

Common questions about reading Literature in the Elementary School by Porter Lander MacClintock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Literature in the Elementary School?

Yes. All 2159 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35341 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #35341, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Literature in the Elementary School take to read?

About 179 minutes of reading across 432 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Literature in the Elementary School

Words and structures a reader meets early in Literature in the Elementary School, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Porter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature in the Elementary School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lander
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature in the Elementary School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Macclintock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature in the Elementary School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Published
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Literature in the Elementary School; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.