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Little Arthur's history of England
Little Arthur's history of England

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/1 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.
How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101
HENRY IV.—1399 to 1413.
How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108
HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Little Arthur's history of England

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England is here in full — 5 sentences across 1 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/1 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.
Line 2
How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101
Line 3
HENRY IV.—1399 to 1413.
Line 4
How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108
Line 5
HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Agincourt noun US /ˈædʒənkɔːrt/

a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415

From this reading “HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112”

cruelly adverb US /ˈkruːli/

excessively

From this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

Hereford noun US /ˈherəfərd/

hardy English breed of cattle raised extensively in United States

From this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

lamented adjective US /ləˈmentɪd/

mourned or grieved for

From this reading “HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112”

taxes noun US /ˈtæksəz/

plural of “tax” — charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

thoughtless adjective US /ˈθɔːtləs/

showing lack of careful thought

From this reading “HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112”

Tyler noun US /ˈtaɪlər/

elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)

From this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

uncles noun US /ˈʌŋkəlz/

plural of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

on account preposition + noun

In this reading “How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108”

give up verb + adjective

lose (s.th.) or lose the right to (s.th.) by some error, offense, or crime

In this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

dispute with verb + particle

In this reading “How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108”

killed by verb + particle counted as “kill by”

In this reading “How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101”

All words in this reading · 103

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

101

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

108

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

112

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

1377

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.

1399

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.

1413

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HENRY IV.—1399 to 1413.

1422

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

accountnounUS /əˈkaʊnt/

a record or narrative description of past events

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

AgincourtnounUS /ˈædʒənkɔːrt/

a battle in northern France in which English longbowmen under Henry V decisively defeated a much larger French army in 1415

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

behavedverbUS /bɪˈheɪvd/

past form of “behave” — behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

collectedadjectiveUS /kəˈlektəd/

brought together in one place

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

cruellyadverbUS /ˈkruːli/

excessively

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

disputeverbUS /dɪsˈpjuːt/

take exception to

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

EarlnounUS /ɜːrl/

a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

FifthnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

forcedadjectiveUS /fɔːrst/

produced by or subjected to forcing

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

FourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/

following the third position; number four in a countable series

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

gainedverbUS /ɡeɪnd/

past form of “gain” — obtain

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

gatherverbUS /ˈɡæðər/

assemble or get together

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

Glendowernoun

Welsh chieftain who led a revolt against Henry IV's rule in Wales (1359-1416)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

HerefordnounUS /ˈherəfərd/

hardy English breed of cattle raised extensively in United States

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

Hotspurnoun

English soldier killed in a rebellion against Henry IV (1364-1403)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

IVnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading HENRY IV.—1399 to 1413.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

lamentedadjectiveUS /ləˈmentɪd/

mourned or grieved for

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

MayornounUS /ˈmeɪər/

the head of a city government

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

noblesnounUS /ˈnoʊbəlz/

plural of “noble” — a titled peer of the realm

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

OwennounUS /ˈoʊən/

Welsh industrialist and social reformer who founded cooperative communities (1771-1858)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

PercynounUS /ˈpɜːrsi/

United States writer whose novels explored human alienation (1916-1990)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

Percys

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

Pomfretnoun

deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific; valued for food

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

prisonersnounUS /ˈprɪzənərz/

plural of “prisoner” — a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

punishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌnɪʃt/

subjected to a penalty (as pain or shame or restraint or loss) for an offense or fault or in order to coerce some behavior (as a confession or obedience)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

RICHARD

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

ScotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

SecondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

Shrewsbury

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

Smithfield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

taxesnounUS /ˈtæksəz/

plural of “tax” — charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

thoughtlessadjectiveUS /ˈθɔːtləs/

showing lack of careful thought

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading RICHARD II.—1377 to 1399.

TylernounUS /ˈtaɪlər/

elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

unclesnounUS /ˈʌŋkəlz/

plural of “uncle” — the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

VnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

WalesnounUS /weɪlz/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

Wat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How Richard the Second sent men round the country to gather the taxes; how Wat Tyler killed one of them, and collected an army; how he met the King in Smithfield, and was killed by the Mayor; how King Richard behaved cruelly to his uncles; how he was forced to give up the crown to his cousin Henry of Hereford, and died at Pomfret 101

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading HENRY V.—1413 to 1422. How Henry the Fifth was very gay and thoughtless when he was Prince of Wales, but became a great and wise king; how he went to war with France, and gained the battle of Agincourt; and how the people lamented at his death 112

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading How Henry the Fourth had a dispute with Earl Percy and his son Hotspur about their Scotch prisoners; how the Percys went to war with the King, and were joined by Owen Glendower; how Hotspur was killed in the battle of Shrewsbury; why some men are made nobles, and how they are useful to their country; how King Henry punished people on account of their religion 108

Chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England by Maria, Lady Callcott holds 5 sentences, grouped into 1 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England contain?

Chapter 4 holds 5 sentences of Little Arthur's history of England, unabridged, divided into 1 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England by Maria, Lady Callcott exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 5 sentences, grouped into 1 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Little Arthur's history of England?

Work through the 1 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 1 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Little Arthur's history of England

Common questions about reading Little Arthur's history of England by Maria, Lady Callcott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Little Arthur's history of England?

Yes. All 2388 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #70529 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Little Arthur's history of England is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #70529, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Little Arthur's history of England take to read?

About 199 minutes of reading across 478 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Little Arthur's history of England section by section

How to work through Little Arthur's history of England section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Little Arthur's history of England to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Little Arthur's history of England

Words and structures a reader meets early in Little Arthur's history of England, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Arthur's history of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Displayed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Arthur's history of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Arthur's history of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
England
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Arthur's history of England; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.