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Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life
Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life
Context Illustration Reading 24/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.
And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.
"Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.
Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.
And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 24/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 116–120

Line 1
"Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.
Line 2
And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.
Line 3
"Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.
Line 4
Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.
Line 5
And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.
/ənd soʊ wɪð lɔːŋ streɪndʒ wɜːrdz tuː səˈplaɪ ðə ˈeləmənt ʌv dred ənˈsɜːrtənti ʃiː bɪˈɡæn tuː spiːk ˈsloʊli ənd ˈkoʊldli æz wʌn ˈevər ʃʊd wen əˈdresɪŋ ɪrz əˈkʌstəmd tuː mʌtʃ ˈspʌtərɪŋ proʊˈfænəti/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bailey noun US /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading “"Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.”

bylaws noun US /ˈbaɪlɔːz/

plural of “bylaw” — a rule adopted by an organization in order to regulate its own affairs and the behavior of its members

From this reading “Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.”

divinity noun US /dɪˈvɪnəti/

any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

From this reading “"Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.”

forbade verb US /fərˈbeɪd/

inflected form of “forbid” — command against

From this reading “Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.”

jaunty adjective US /ˈdʒɔːnti/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading “And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.”

profanity noun US /proʊˈfænəti/

vulgar or irreverent speech or action

From this reading “And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.”

savagely adverb US /ˈsævɪdʒli/

in a vicious manner

From this reading “Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.”

sputtering noun US /ˈspʌtərɪŋ/

the noise of something spattering or sputtering explosively

From this reading “And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

accustomedadjectiveUS /əˈkʌstəmd/

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

addressingverbUS /əˈdresɪŋ/

-ing form of “address” — speak to

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

BaileynounUS /ˈbeɪli/

United States singer (1918-1990)

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

Belchatosky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

bodilyadverbUS /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

bylawsnounUS /ˈbaɪlɔːz/

plural of “bylaw” — a rule adopted by an organization in order to regulate its own affairs and the behavior of its members

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

clingverbUS /klɪŋ/

come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

coldlyadverbUS /ˈkoʊldli/

lacking warmth of feeling; in a cold, unemotional manner

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

corporalnounUS /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

a noncommissioned officer in the Army or Air Force or Marines

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

divinitynounUS /dɪˈvɪnəti/

any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

dreadnounUS /dred/

fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

forbadeverbUS /fərˈbeɪd/

inflected form of “forbid” — command against

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

Gonorowsky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

guiltilyadverb

in the manner of someone who has committed an offense

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

Isidore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

jauntyadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔːnti/

marked by up-to-dateness in dress and manners

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

liftedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪftəd/

held up in the air

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

noisyadjectiveUS /ˈnɔɪzi/

full of or characterized by loud and nonmusical sounds

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

PrincipalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

profanitynounUS /proʊˈfænəti/

vulgar or irreverent speech or action

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

Sadie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

savagelyadverbUS /ˈsævɪdʒli/

in a vicious manner

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

shiftingadjectiveUS /ˈʃɪftɪŋ/

continuously varying

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

slunk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Isidore Belchatosky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, and Isidore slunk after his divinity.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

sputteringnounUS /ˈspʌtərɪŋ/

the noise of something spattering or sputtering explosively

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

supplyverbUS /səˈplaɪ/

give something useful or necessary to

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

TeachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

uncertaintynounUS /ənˈsɜːrtənti/

being unsettled or in doubt or dependent on chance

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

upbraidings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Teacher was savagely angry, but bylaws forbade corporal punishment, and principles--and the Principal--forbade noisy upbraidings.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Sadie Gonorowsky, come here!" commanded Miss Bailey, in a voice which lifted Sadie bodily from the place to which she had guiltily determined to cling.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading And Sadie went, jaunty of air, but with shifting eyes.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading And so with long, strange words, to supply the element of dread uncertainty, she began to speak, slowly and coldly as one ever should when addressing ears accustomed to much sputtering profanity.

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly holds 415 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 415 sentences of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 415 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Common questions about reading Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life?

Yes. All 2978 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6662 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6662, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life take to read?

About 248 minutes of reading across 596 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life section by section

How to work through Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Teacher
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Something
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Isidore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.