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Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life
Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life
Context Illustration Reading 74/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.
Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.
To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."
There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.
Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is here in full — 415 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 74/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 366–370

Line 1
Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.
Line 2
Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.
/əˈkeɪʒənəli ðə twɪnz stoʊl ənd soʊld ðə bʊks bʌt ðer ˌenˈlaɪtənmənt rɪˈmeɪnd/
Line 3
To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."
/tuː ˈsʌpləmənt ðə ˈriːdɪŋ hiː tʊk hɜːr tuː ˈlektʃərz ənd tuː naɪt skuːlz ənd ðʌs wʌn ˈiːvnɪŋ ðeɪ ˈlɪsənd tuː æn ˈɪləstreɪtəd tɔːk ɑːn kənˈteɪdʒən ənd ɪts ˈkɑːzəz/
Line 4
There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.
/ðer hæd bɪn æn ˌepəˈdemɪk ʌv ˈsmɔːlpɑːks ɪn ðə ˈkwɔːrtər ənd ˈpænɪk wɑːz əˈbrɔːd/
Line 5
Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.
/ˈperənts huː spoʊk noʊ ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ fɔːt ˈwaɪldli wɪð ˈæmbjələns ˈsɜːrdʒənz huː spoʊk noʊ ˈdʒuːɪʃ ənd rəˈfjuːzd tuː enˈtrʌst ðə ˈsʌfərərz tuː ðə ker ʌv ðə bɔːrd ʌv helθ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ambulance noun US /ˈæmbjələns/

a vehicle that takes people to and from hospitals

From this reading “Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.”

Contagion noun US /kənˈteɪdʒən/

any disease easily transmitted by contact

From this reading “To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."”

entrust verb US /enˈtrʌst/

confer a trust upon

From this reading “Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.”

epidemic noun US /ˌepəˈdemɪk/

a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time

From this reading “There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.”

smallpox noun US /ˈsmɔːlpɑːks/

a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars

From this reading “There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.”

sufferers noun US /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading “Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.”

supplement noun US /ˈsʌpləmənt/

textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end

From this reading “To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."”

surgeons noun US /ˈsɜːrdʒənz/

plural of “surgeon” — a physician who specializes in surgery

From this reading “Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AaronnounUS /ˈerən/

United States professional baseball player who hit more home runs than Babe Ruth (born in 1934)

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

abroadadverbUS /əˈbrɔːd/

to or in a foreign country

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

ambulancenounUS /ˈæmbjələns/

a vehicle that takes people to and from hospitals

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

BoardnounUS /bɔːrd/

a committee having supervisory powers

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

CausesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

ContagionnounUS /kənˈteɪdʒən/

any disease easily transmitted by contact

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

enlightenmentnounUS /ˌenˈlaɪtənmənt/

education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

entrustverbUS /enˈtrʌst/

confer a trust upon

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

epidemicnounUS /ˌepəˈdemɪk/

a widespread outbreak of an infectious disease; many people are infected at the same time

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

gloriousadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːriəs/

having or deserving or conferring glory

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

HealthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

illustratedverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

JewishadjectiveUS /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

of or relating to Jews or their culture or religion

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

languagesnounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

lecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

listenedverbUS /ˈlɪsənd/

past form of “listen” — hear with intention

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

OccasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

PanicnounUS /ˈpænɪk/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

ParentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

refusedverbUS /rəˈfjuːzd/

past form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

smallpoxnounUS /ˈsmɔːlpɑːks/

a highly contagious viral disease characterized by fever and weakness and skin eruption with pustules that form scabs that slough off leaving scars

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

soldadjectiveUS /soʊld/

disposed of to a purchaser

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

stolenounUS /stoʊl/

a wide scarf worn about their shoulders by women

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

straightwayadverb

at once

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

sufferersnounUS /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

supplementnounUS /ˈsʌpləmənt/

textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

surgeonsnounUS /ˈsɜːrdʒənz/

plural of “surgeon” — a physician who specializes in surgery

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading To supplement the reading he took her to lectures and to night schools, and thus one evening they listened to an illustrated "talk" on "Contagion and Its Causes."

twinsnounUS /twɪnz/

(mineralogy) two interwoven crystals that are mirror images on each other

From this reading Occasionally the twins stole and sold the books, but their enlightenment remained.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There had been an epidemic of smallpox in the quarter and Panic was abroad.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

wildlyadverbUS /ˈwaɪldli/

to an extreme or greatly exaggerated degree

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Parents who spoke no English fought wildly with ambulance surgeons who spoke no Jewish, and refused to entrust the sufferers to the care of the Board of Health.

worldsnounUS /wɜːrldz/

plural of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Aaron lent her books in these three languages, which straightway carried her into strange and glorious worlds.

Chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly holds 415 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life contain?

Chapter 1 holds 415 sentences of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 415 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Common questions about reading Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life by Myra Kelly on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life?

Yes. All 2978 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #6662 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #6662, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life take to read?

About 248 minutes of reading across 596 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life section by section

How to work through Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Teacher
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Something
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frontispiece
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Isidore
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Citizens: The Humours of School Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.