Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Little Novels
Little Novels

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Novels is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Little Novels
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE QUACK.
THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.
With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.
The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.
Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Little Novels

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Little Novels is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE QUACK.
/ðə kwæk/
Line 2
THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.
/ðə dɪˈzæstərz ðæt ˈfɑːloʊ ðə ˈheɪtfəl əˈfens əˈɡenst ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti wɪtʃ men kɔːl wɔːr wɜːr səˈvɪrli felt ɪn ˈɪŋɡlənd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə piːs ðæt ɪnˈsuːd ɑːn ðə ˈoʊvərθroʊ ʌv nəˈpoʊliən æt ˈwɔːtərluː/
Line 3
With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.
/wɪð rer ɪkˈsepʃənz dɪˈstres prɪˈveɪld əˈmʌŋ ɔːl ˈklæsəz ʌv ðə kəˈmjuːnəti/
Line 4
The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.
/ðə ˈstɑːrvɪŋ ˈneɪʃən wɑːz raɪp ənd ˈredi fɔːr ə ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri ˈraɪzɪŋ əˈɡenst ɪts ˈruːlərz huː hæd ʃed ðə ˈpiːpəlz blʌd ənd ˈweɪstɪd ðə ˈpiːpəlz ˈsʌbstəns ɪn ə wɔːr wɪtʃ hæd ˈjiːldɪd tuː ðə ˈpɑːpjələr ˈɪntrəsts ˌæbsəˈluːtli ˈnʌθɪŋ ɪn rɪˈtɜːrn/
Line 5
Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

disasters noun US /dɪˈzæstərz/

plural of “disaster” — a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading “THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.”

exceptions noun US /ɪkˈsepʃənz/

plural of “exception” — a deliberate act of omission

From this reading “With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.”

extraction noun US /ekˈstrækʃən/

the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means

From this reading “Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.”

overthrow noun US /ˈoʊvərθroʊ/

the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)

From this reading “THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.”

quack noun US /kwæk/

an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice

From this reading “THE QUACK.”

rulers noun US /ˈruːlərz/

plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands

From this reading “The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.”

shifts noun US /ʃɪfts/

plural of “shift” — an event in which something is displaced without rotation

From this reading “Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.”

Waterloo noun US /ˈwɔːtərluː/

a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat

From this reading “THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

centurynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

ChristianitynounUS /ˌkrɪstʃiˈænɪti/

a monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

devicesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪsəz/

an inclination or desire; used in the plural in the phrase “left to your own devices”

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

disastersnounUS /dɪˈzæstərz/

plural of “disaster” — a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

disastrousadjectiveUS /dɪˈzæstrəs/

(of events) having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences; bringing ruin

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

ensuedverbUS /ɪnˈsuːd/

past form of “ensue” — issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

exceptionsnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃənz/

plural of “exception” — a deliberate act of omission

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

extractionnounUS /ekˈstrækʃən/

the process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical means

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

hatefuladjectiveUS /ˈheɪtfəl/

evoking or deserving hatred

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

Lagarde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

medicaladjectiveUS /ˈmedəkəl/

relating to the study or practice of medicine

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

obscureverbUS /əbsˈkjʊr/

make less visible or unclear

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

offensenounUS /əˈfens/

a lack of politeness; a failure to show regard for others; wounding the feelings or others

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

overthrownounUS /ˈoʊvərθroʊ/

the termination of a ruler or institution (especially by force)

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

people'snounUS /ˈpiːpəlz/

possessive form of “people” — (plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

personsnounUS /ˈpɜːrsənz/

plural of “person” — a human being

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

QUACKnounUS /kwæk/

an untrained person who pretends to be a physician and who dispenses medical advice

From this reading THE QUACK.

rareadjectiveUS /rer/

not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

revolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

ripeadjectiveUS /raɪp/

fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

rulersnounUS /ˈruːlərz/

plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

severelyadverbUS /səˈvɪrli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

shedverbUS /ʃed/

get rid of

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

shiftsnounUS /ʃɪfts/

plural of “shift” — an event in which something is displaced without rotation

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

starvingadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrvɪŋ/

suffering from lack of food

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE QUACK.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

wastedadjectiveUS /ˈweɪstɪd/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

WaterloonounUS /ˈwɔːtərluː/

a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE disasters that follow the hateful offense against Christianity, which men call war, were severely felt in England during the peace that ensued on the overthrow of Napoleon at Waterloo.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With rare exceptions, distress prevailed among all classes of the community.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Among the unfortunate persons who were driven, during the disastrous early years of this century, to strange shifts and devices to obtain the means of living, was a certain obscure medical man, of French extraction, named Lagarde.

yieldedverbUS /ˈjiːldɪd/

past form of “yield” — be the cause or source of

From this reading The starving nation was ripe and ready for a revolutionary rising against its rulers, who had shed the people's blood and wasted the people's substance in a war which had yielded to the popular interests absolutely nothing in return.

Chapter 1 of Little Novels by Wilkie Collins holds 19 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Little Novels contain?

Chapter 1 holds 19 sentences of Little Novels, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Little Novels by Wilkie Collins exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 19 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Little Novels?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Little Novels

Common questions about reading Little Novels by Wilkie Collins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Little Novels?

Yes. All 3277 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1630 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Little Novels is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1630, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Little Novels take to read?

About 273 minutes of reading across 656 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Little Novels section by section

How to work through Little Novels section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Little Novels to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Little Novels

Words and structures a reader meets early in Little Novels, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quack
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Disasters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Follow
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hateful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Little Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.