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Loafing Along Death Valley Trails
Loafing Along Death Valley Trails

Chapter VII · Indians of the Area

Chapter VII of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails, “Indians of the Area,” is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Loafing Along Death Valley Trails
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eatersboth those of Shoshone and Piute origin.
Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.
The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.
The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.
The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Loafing Along Death Valley Trails

Chapter VII · Indians of the Area

Chapter VII of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails, “Indians of the Area,” is here in full — 135 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eatersboth those of Shoshone and Piute origin.
Line 2
Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.
/boʊθ hæd ənˈdaʊtɪdli dɪˈdʒenəreɪtɪd æz ə rɪˈzʌlt ʌv maɪˈɡreɪʃənz/
Line 3
The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.
Line 4
The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.
Line 5
The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.
/ðə truː blʌd kəˈnekʃən ʌv koʊst ˈɪndiənz meɪ wel biː ə ˈmætər ʌv dɪsˈpjuːt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

degenerated verb US /dɪˈdʒenəreɪtɪd/

past form of “degenerate” — grow worse

From this reading “Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.”

eaters noun US /ˈiːtərz/

plural of “eater” — someone who consumes food for nourishment

From this reading “The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.”

Idaho noun US /ˈaɪdəhoʊ/

a state in the Rocky Mountains

From this reading “The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.”

migrations noun US /maɪˈɡreɪʃənz/

plural of “migration” — the movement of persons from one country or locality to another

From this reading “Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.”

Nevada noun US /nəˈvɑːdə/

a state in the western United States

From this reading “The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.”

Oregon noun US /ˈɔːrəɡən/

a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific

From this reading “The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.”

Shoshone noun US /ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/

a member of the North American Indian people (related to the Aztecs) of the southwestern United States

From this reading “The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.”

Utah noun US /ˈjuːtɔː/

a state in the western United States; settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young

From this reading “The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lived in verb + particle counted as “live in”

live in the house where one works

In this reading “The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.”

All words in this reading · 42

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

DeathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

degeneratedverbUS /dɪˈdʒenəreɪtɪd/

past form of “degenerate” — grow worse

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

disputeverbUS /dɪsˈpjuːt/

take exception to

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

dognounUS /dɔːɡ/

a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

eatersnounUS /ˈiːtərz/

plural of “eater” — someone who consumes food for nourishment

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

IdahonounUS /ˈaɪdəhoʊ/

a state in the Rocky Mountains

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

migrationsnounUS /maɪˈɡreɪʃənz/

plural of “migration” — the movement of persons from one country or locality to another

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

NevadanounUS /nəˈvɑːdə/

a state in the western United States

From this reading The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

OregonnounUS /ˈɔːrəɡən/

a state in northwestern United States on the Pacific

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

Piutenoun

a member of either of two Shoshonean peoples (northern Paiute and southern Paiute) related to the Aztecs and living in the southwestern United States

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

Piutes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.

resultnounUS /rɪˈzʌlt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

ShoshonenounUS /ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/

a member of the North American Indian people (related to the Aztecs) of the southwestern United States

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

Shoshones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

SnakesnounUS /sneɪks/

plural of “snake” — limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

undoubtedlyadverbUS /ənˈdaʊtɪdli/

without doubt; certainly

From this reading Both had undoubtedly degenerated as a result of migrations.

UtahnounUS /ˈjuːtɔː/

a state in the western United States; settled in 1847 by Mormons led by Brigham Young

From this reading The Piutes in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

WashingtonnounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtən/

the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading The Shoshones (Snakes) had originally lived in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The true blood connection of coast Indians may well be a matter of dispute.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Indians of the Death Valley country were dog eaters—both those of Shoshone and Piute origin.

Chapter 7 of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails by William Caruthers holds 135 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails contain?

Chapter 7 holds 135 sentences of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails by William Caruthers exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 135 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Loafing Along Death Valley Trails

Common questions about reading Loafing Along Death Valley Trails by William Caruthers on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails?

Yes. All 4915 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #51899 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #51899, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Loafing Along Death Valley Trails take to read?

About 409 minutes of reading across 983 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Loafing Along Death Valley Trails section by section

How to work through Loafing Along Death Valley Trails section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Loafing Along Death Valley Trails

Words and structures a reader meets early in Loafing Along Death Valley Trails, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Newspaper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Office
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Where
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Loafing Along Death Valley Trails; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.