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Local Color
Local Color

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Local Color is here in full — 815 sentences across 163 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Local Color
Context Illustration Reading 1/163 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.
Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.
And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.
So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.
So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Local Color

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Local Color is here in full — 815 sentences across 163 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/163 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.
Line 2
Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.
/naʊ ðɪs ˈstɔːri hæz ə ˈvɪlən ʌv sɔːrts ɪf juː tʃuːz tuː lʊk əˈpɑːn hɪm ɪn ðæt laɪt bʌt noʊ ˈhɪroʊ ənd noʊ ˈklaɪmæks/
Line 3
And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.
/ənd ˈsɜːrtənli ðer ɪz noʊ ˈmɔːrəl tuː əˈdɔːrn ðə teɪl/
Line 4
So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.
Line 5
So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adorn verb US /əˈdɔːrn/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.”

avowed adjective US /əˈvaʊd/

openly declared as such

From this reading “So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.”

climax noun US /ˈklaɪmæks/

the highest point of anything conceived of as growing or developing or unfolding

From this reading “ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.”

conceded verb US /kənˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “concede” — admit (to a wrongdoing)

From this reading “ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.”

heroine noun US /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading “ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.”

narrative noun US /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading “So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.”

shortcomings noun US /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading “So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.”

villain noun US /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading “ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

look upon verb + particle

look on as or consider

In this reading “Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.”

go further verb + particle

In this reading “So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

adornverbUS /əˈdɔːrn/

make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

avowedadjectiveUS /əˈvaʊd/

openly declared as such

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.

chooseverbUS /tʃuːz/

pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

climaxnounUS /ˈklaɪmæks/

the highest point of anything conceived of as growing or developing or unfolding

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

concededverbUS /kənˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “concede” — admit (to a wrongdoing)

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

discoververbUS /dɪˈskʌvər/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

ENTERverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

foreadvised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

heroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

moral-less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

narrativenounUS /ˈnærətɪv/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

plotnounUS /plɑːt/

a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

regardingverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

responsibilitynounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

shortcomingsnounUS /ˈʃɔːrtkʌmɪŋz/

plural of “shortcoming” — a failing or deficiency

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So far as I have been able to discover it is absolutely moral-less.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading And certainly there is no moral to adorn the tale.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

VILLAINnounUS /ˈvɪlən/

a wicked or evil person; someone who does evil deliberately

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

villainessnoun

a woman villain

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading ENTER THE VILLAIN It is conceded, I believe, that every story should have a moral; also, whenever possible, a heroine or a hero, a villainess or a villain, a plot and a climax.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Now this story has a villain of sorts, if you choose to look upon him in that light; but no hero, and no climax.

yourspronounUS /jʊrz/

the one or ones belonging to the person spoken to

From this reading So then, reader, if you, being thus foreadvised regarding these avowed shortcomings of my narrative, choose to go further with it, the responsibility must be yours and not mine.

Chapter 8 of Local Color by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb holds 815 sentences, grouped into 163 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Local Color contain?

Chapter 8 holds 815 sentences of Local Color, unabridged, divided into 163 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Local Color by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 815 sentences, grouped into 163 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Local Color?

Work through the 163 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 163 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Local Color

Common questions about reading Local Color by Irvin S. (Irvin Shrewsbury) Cobb on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Local Color?

Yes. All 5640 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41297 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Local Color is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #41297, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Local Color take to read?

About 470 minutes of reading across 1128 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Local Color section by section

How to work through Local Color section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Local Color to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Local Color

Words and structures a reader meets early in Local Color, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Review
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Local Color; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reviews
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Local Color; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corporation
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Local Color; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Publishers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Local Color; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.