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Long Will
Long Will

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Long Will is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.
None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.
They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.
He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.
For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Long Will

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Long Will is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.
Line 2
None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.
/nʌn nuː ðer ˈbɪznəs bʌt ðeɪ hʌŋ əˈpɑːn ðə skɜːrts ʌv ɔːl ˈpʌblɪk dɪˈstɜːrbəns ənd wʊd siːm tuː hæv bɪn held ɪn əˈstiːm baɪ ˈsɜːrtən ʌv ðə ˈsɪtəzənz/
Line 3
They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.
Line 4
He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.
Line 5
For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bellows noun US /ˈbeloʊz/

(used in the plural) a mechanical device that blows a strong current of air; used to make a fire burn more fiercely or to sound a musical instrument

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

biding verb US /ˈbaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “bide” — dwell

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

Devon noun US /ˈdevən/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

Devonshire noun US /dɪˈvɑːnʃaɪr/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading “They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.”

earning verb US /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

hale noun US /heɪl/

a soldier of the American Revolution who was hanged as a spy by the British; his last words were supposed to have been `I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country' (1755-1776)

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

runaway noun US /ˈrʌnəweɪ/

an easy victory

From this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

Tyler noun US /ˈtaɪlər/

elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)

From this reading “A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dark corner noun + noun

In this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

on the floor preposition + article + noun counted as “on … floor”

In this reading “They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.”

hung upon verb + particle counted as “hang upon”

In this reading “None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.”

dwell in verb + particle

In this reading “For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.”

all day adjective + noun

In this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

in a dark preposition + article + noun counted as “in … dark”

In this reading “He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

bellowsnounUS /ˈbeloʊz/

(used in the plural) a mechanical device that blows a strong current of air; used to make a fire burn more fiercely or to sound a musical instrument

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

bidingverbUS /ˈbaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “bide” — dwell

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

BlackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

cornernounUS /ˈkɔːrnər/

a place off to the side of an area

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

cotnounUS /kɑːt/

a sheath worn to protect a finger

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

DevonnounUS /ˈdevən/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

DevonshirenounUS /dɪˈvɑːnʃaɪr/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

disturbancenounUS /dɪˈstɜːrbəns/

activity that is a malfunction, intrusion, or interruption

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

drinkverbUS /drɪŋk/

take in liquids

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

dwellverbUS /dwel/

think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

earningverbUS /ˈɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “earn” — earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

esteemnounUS /əˈstiːm/

the condition of being honored (esteemed or respected or well regarded)

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

halenounUS /heɪl/

a soldier of the American Revolution who was hanged as a spy by the British; his last words were supposed to have been `I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country' (1755-1776)

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

Hobbe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

JacknounUS /dʒæk/

a small worthless amount

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

jobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

Langland's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

lordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

meatnounUS /miːt/

the flesh of animals (including fishes and birds and snails) used as food

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

nightsnounUS /naɪts/

Periods of darkness between sunset and sunrise.

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

NonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

PeternounUS /ˈpiːtər/

disciple of Jesus and leader of the Apostles; regarded by Catholics as the vicar of Christ on earth and first Pope

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

ploughmannoun

a man who plows

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

ProgressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

runawaynounUS /ˈrʌnəweɪ/

an easy victory

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

scaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

skirtsnounUS /skɜːrts/

plural of “skirt” — cloth covering that forms the part of a garment below the waist

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

sleptverbUS /slept/

inflected form of “sleep” — be asleep

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

StrawnounUS /strɔː/

plant fiber used e.g. for making baskets and hats or as fodder

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They slept, of nights, on the floor of that lower room in Langland's cot, and here Peter, the Devonshire ploughman, kept them company.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

ThroughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He had got him a job to blow the bellows for Hobbe Smith, and he stood in a dark corner all day, earning his meat and drink, and biding his time till the law might no more hale him back to Devon for a runaway.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

TylernounUS /ˈtaɪlər/

elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

uneasyadjectiveUS /əˈniːzi/

lacking a sense of security or affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

villeinnoun

(Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

Wat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

WestminsternounUS /ˌwestˈmɪnstər/

a borough of Greater London on the Thames; contains Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading A Progress to Westminster Throughout that uneasy winter following the death of Edward the Black Prince, Jack Straw and Wat Tyler were much in London.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading None knew their business, but they hung upon the skirts of all public disturbance and would seem to have been held in esteem by certain of the citizens.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading For this was the law, that if a 'scaped villein should dwell in any town a year and a day and his lord did not take him, he was free of his lord.

Chapter 8 of Long Will by Florence Converse holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Long Will contain?

Chapter 8 holds 158 sentences of Long Will, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Long Will by Florence Converse exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Long Will?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Long Will

Common questions about reading Long Will by Florence Converse on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Long Will?

Yes. All 5876 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42176 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Long Will is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42176, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Long Will take to read?

About 489 minutes of reading across 1176 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Long Will section by section

How to work through Long Will section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 36 chapters of Long Will to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Long Will

Words and structures a reader meets early in Long Will, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Everyman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Long Will; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Guide
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Long Will; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Everyman's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Long Will; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Library
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Long Will; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.