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Longshanks
Longshanks

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Longshanks is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Longshanks
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.
It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.
There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.
It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.
The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Longshanks

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Longshanks is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.
Line 2
It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.
Line 3
There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.
Line 4
It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.
Line 5
The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

amidships adverb US /əˈmɪdʃɪps/

at or near or toward the center of a ship

From this reading “The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.”

boat's noun US /boʊts/

possessive form of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

flatboat noun US /ˈflætboʊt/

a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading “There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.”

hitched verb US /hɪtʃt/

past form of “hitch” — to hook or entangle

From this reading “There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.”

Memphis noun US /ˈmemfəs/

largest city of Tennessee; located in southwestern Tennessee on bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River

From this reading “Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.”

shave verb US /ʃeɪv/

remove body hair with a razor

From this reading “The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.”

sizes noun US /ˈsaɪzəz/

plural of “size” — the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading “There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.”

upstream adjective US /ˈʌpˈstriːm/

in the direction against a stream's current

From this reading “It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

along the river preposition + article + noun counted as “along … river”

In this reading “Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.”

all sorts adjective + noun counted as “all sort”

In this reading “There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.”

largest town adjective + noun counted as “large town”

In this reading “It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.”

for nearly preposition + adverb

In this reading “There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1828

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

AllennounUS /ˈælən/

United States comedienne remembered as the confused but imperturbable partner of her husband, George Burns (1906-1964)

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

alongsideadverbUS /əˈlɔːŋˈsaɪd/

side by side

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

amidshipsadverbUS /əˈmɪdʃɪps/

at or near or toward the center of a ship

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

arks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

boat'snounUS /boʊts/

possessive form of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

broadhorns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

commercenounUS /ˈkɑːmərs/

transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

craftnounUS /kræft/

the skilled practice of a practical occupation

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

crewnounUS /kruː/

the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

flatboatnounUS /ˈflætboʊt/

a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

hamletnounUS /ˈhæmlət/

a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

handledadjectiveUS /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

hitchedverbUS /hɪtʃt/

past form of “hitch” — to hook or entangle

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

Katy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

keel-boats

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

landing-stage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

largestadjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒəst/

superlative of “large” — above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

LouisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

MemphisnounUS /ˈmemfəs/

largest city of Tennessee; located in southwestern Tennessee on bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

mooring-posts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

OrleansnounUS /ˈɔːrliənz/

a city on the Loire river in north central France; site of the siege of Orleans by the English (1428-1429)

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

rawadjectiveUS /rɑː/

(used especially of commodities) being unprocessed or manufactured using only simple or minimal processes

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

retiredadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrd/

no longer active in your work or profession

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

Roby

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

ropenounUS /roʊp/

a strong line

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

shaveverbUS /ʃeɪv/

remove body hair with a razor

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

sizesnounUS /ˈsaɪzəz/

plural of “size” — the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

sprucenounUS /spruːs/

light soft moderately strong wood of spruce trees; used especially for timbers and millwork

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

steamersnounUS /ˈstiːmərz/

plural of “steamer” — a clam that is usually steamed in the shell

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

stragglingadjective

spreading out in different directions or distributed irregularly

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

tienounUS /taɪ/

neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn (mostly by men) under a collar and tied in knot at the front

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

upstreamadjectiveUS /ˈʌpˈstriːm/

in the direction against a stream's current

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Memphis, in 1828, was little more than a raw hamlet straggling along the river.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

wharves

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading There were half a hundred craft of all sorts and sizes hitched to the mooring-posts when the _Katy Roby_ drew alongside, for nearly every flatboat crew made a stop of a day or a night at Memphis.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading It had a big landing-stage for steamers and a series of smaller wharves where the arks and keel-boats from upstream could tie up.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was the largest town between St. Louis and New Orleans and handled a considerable commerce with the back country.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading The boys worked the boat’s nose in between other broadhorns until they could get a rope fast, and Allen retired to the shelter amidships to shave and spruce himself up.

Chapter 10 of Longshanks by Stephen W. (Stephen Warren) Meader holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Longshanks contain?

Chapter 10 holds 158 sentences of Longshanks, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Longshanks by Stephen W. (Stephen Warren) Meader exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Longshanks?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Longshanks

Common questions about reading Longshanks by Stephen W. (Stephen Warren) Meader on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Longshanks?

Yes. All 3187 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #75520 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Longshanks is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #75520, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Longshanks take to read?

About 265 minutes of reading across 638 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Longshanks section by section

How to work through Longshanks section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Longshanks to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Longshanks

Words and structures a reader meets early in Longshanks, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Wheeling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Longshanks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Longshanks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Horses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Longshanks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Longshanks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.