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Looking Backward: 2000-1887
Looking Backward: 2000-1887

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.
"Not yet," I replied.
"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."
"Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.
I ought to have thought of that."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Looking Backward: 2000-1887

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.
Line 2
"Not yet," I replied.
/nɑːt jet aɪ rɪˈplaɪd/
Line 3
"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."
/tuː biː fræŋk aɪ hæv ʃrʌŋk ðʌs fɑːr frʌm ˈduːɪŋ soʊ lest ðə ˈvɪzɪt maɪt rɪˈvaɪv oʊld əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz ˈræðər tuː ˈstrɔːŋli fɔːr maɪ ˈmentəl ˌiːkwəˈlɪbriəm/
Line 4
"Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.
Line 5
I ought to have thought of that."
/aɪ ɔːt tuː hæv θɔːt ʌv ðæt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

associations noun US /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading “"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."”

casually adverb US /ˈkæʒəwəli/

not methodically or according to plan

From this reading “That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.”

equilibrium noun US /ˌiːkwəˈlɪbriəm/

a stable situation in which forces cancel one another

From this reading “"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."”

revisited verb US /riˈvɪzətɪd/

past form of “revisit” — visit again

From this reading “That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.”

revive verb US /rɪˈvaɪv/

cause to regain consciousness

From this reading “"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."”

shrunk verb US /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading “"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."”

strongly adverb US /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading “"To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."”

underground adjective US /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading “That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

associationsnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “association” — a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

casuallyadverbUS /ˈkæʒəwəli/

not methodically or according to plan

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

chambernounUS /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

a natural or artificial enclosed space

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

doingverbUS /ˈduːɪŋ/

-ing form of “do” — engage in

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

Edith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

equilibriumnounUS /ˌiːkwəˈlɪbriəm/

a stable situation in which forces cancel one another

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

inquiredverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪərd/

past form of “inquire” — address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

mentaladjectiveUS /ˈmentəl/

involving the mind or an intellectual process

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "Not yet," I replied.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I ought to have thought of that."

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading I ought to have thought of that."

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

repliedverbUS /rɪˈplaɪd/

inflected form of “reply” — react verbally

From this reading "Not yet," I replied.

revisitedverbUS /riˈvɪzətɪd/

past form of “revisit” — visit again

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

reviveverbUS /rɪˈvaɪv/

cause to regain consciousness

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

shrunkverbUS /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

stayverbUS /steɪ/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

stronglyadverbUS /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I ought to have thought of that."

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

undergroundadjectiveUS /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading "To be frank, I have shrunk thus far from doing so, lest the visit might revive old associations rather too strongly for my mental equilibrium."

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

yesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading That afternoon Edith casually inquired if I had yet revisited the underground chamber in the garden in which I had been found.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Ah, yes!" she said, "I can imagine that you have done well to stay away.

Chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 by Edward Bellamy holds 70 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 contain?

Chapter 21 holds 70 sentences of Looking Backward: 2000-1887, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 by Edward Bellamy exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 70 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of Looking Backward: 2000-1887?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Looking Backward: 2000-1887

Common questions about reading Looking Backward: 2000-1887 by Edward Bellamy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 3347 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #25439 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Looking Backward: 2000-1887 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #25439, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Looking Backward: 2000-1887 take to read?

About 278 minutes of reading across 670 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Looking Backward: 2000-1887

Words and structures a reader meets early in Looking Backward: 2000-1887, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Radical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Looking Backward: 2000-1887; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friends
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Looking Backward: 2000-1887; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Express
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Looking Backward: 2000-1887; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Looking Backward: 2000-1887; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.