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Looking Backward, 2000 to 1887
Looking Backward, 2000 to 1887

Chapter X

Cover illustration for Looking Backward, 2000 to 1887
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.
I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.
For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."
"It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.
"Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Looking Backward, 2000 to 1887

Chapter X

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.
Line 2
I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.
Line 3
For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."
Line 4
"It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.
Line 5
"Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Along preposition US /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading “"If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.”

Choose noun US /choose/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Could modal verb US /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Different noun US /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Ever noun US /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.”

Know noun US /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “"If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.”

One pronoun US /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “"Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.”

Replied noun US /replied/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.”

Soon noun US /soon/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “"Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.”

Suppose noun US /ˈsuppose/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “"It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.”

Till preposition US /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Understand noun US /understand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.”

Until preposition US /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

able

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

any

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

assortment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

calls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

choosenounUS /choose/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

comment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

companion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

differentnounUS /ˈdifferent/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

Edith's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

evernounUS /ever/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

example

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

explain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

Father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

fatigued

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

going

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

indefatigable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

knownounUS /know/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

lady

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

laughing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

number

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

only

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

purchase

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

read

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

repliednounUS /replied/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading "It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.

said

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

settle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

shopper

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

shopping

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

shops

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

soon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

street

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

subject

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

supposenounUS /ˈsuppose/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading "It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "It was as you suppose; that was the only way she could know," I replied.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

there

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

understandnounUS /understand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading I have never been able to understand it from all I have read on the subject.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

vast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

very

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Father calls me an indefatigable shopper, but I should soon be a very fatigued one if I had to do as they did," was Edith's laughing comment.

visited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

walked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

way

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading For example, when you had such a vast number of shops, each with its different assortment, how could a lady ever settle upon any purchase till she had visited all the shops? for, until she had, she could not know what there was to choose from."

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "If I am going to explain our way of shopping to you," said my companion, as we walked along the street, "you must explain your way to me.