Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Love and Freindship [sic]
Love and Freindship [sic]

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic] is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Love and Freindship [sic]
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.
N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.
THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.
It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.
Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Love and Freindship [sic]

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic] is here in full — 131 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.
/tuː mɪs ˈɔːstɪn ˈeldəst ˈdɔːtər ʌv ðə rev dʒɔːrdʒ ˈɔːstɪn ðɪs wɜːrk ɪz ˌɪnˈskraɪbd wɪð ɔːl duː rɪˈspekt baɪ ðə ˈɔːθər/
Line 2
N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.
Line 3
THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.
Line 4
It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.
/ɪt ɪz tuː biː səˈpoʊzd ðæt ˈhenri wɑːz ˈmerid sɪns hiː hæd ˈsɜːrtənli fɔːr sʌnz bʌt ɪt ɪz nɑːt ɪn maɪ ˈpaʊər tuː ˌɪnˈfɔːrm ðə ˈriːdər huː wɑːz hɪz waɪf/
Line 5
Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Austen noun US /ˈɔːstɪn/

English novelist noted for her insightful portrayals of middle-class families (1775-1817)

From this reading “To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.”

Dates noun US /deɪts/

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading “N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.”

inscribed adjective US /ˌɪnˈskraɪbd/

written (by handwriting, printing, engraving, or carving) on or in a surface

From this reading “To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.”

predecessor noun US /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading “THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.”

refer verb US /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading “Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.”

resign verb US /rɪˈzaɪn/

leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading “THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.”

Rev verb US /rev/

increase the number of rotations per minute

From this reading “To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.”

Wales noun US /weɪlz/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria

From this reading “Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1399

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

2nd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

4th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

ascendedverbUS /əˈsendɪd/

past form of “ascend” — travel up

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

AustennounUS /ˈɔːstɪn/

English novelist noted for her insightful portrayals of middle-class families (1775-1817)

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

AUTHORnounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

CastlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

crownnounUS /kraʊn/

the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

DatesnounUS /deɪts/

plural of “date” — the specified day of the month

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

eldestadjectiveUS /ˈeldəst/

first in order of birth

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

ENGLANDnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

HENRYnounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

HistorynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

illadjectiveUS /ɪl/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

informverbUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrm/

impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

inscribedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈskraɪbd/

written (by handwriting, printing, engraving, or carving) on or in a surface

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

marriedadjectiveUS /ˈmerid/

joined in matrimony

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

murderedadjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrdərd/

killed unlawfully

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

NnounUS /en/

a common nonmetallic element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless inert diatomic gas; constitutes 78 percent of the atmosphere by volume; a constituent of all living tissues

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

PlaysnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

Pomfretnoun

deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific; valued for food

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

predecessornounUS /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

prevailedverbUS /prɪˈveɪld/

past form of “prevail” — be larger in number, quantity, power, status or importance

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

PrincenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

ReadernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

referverbUS /rəˈfɜːr/

make reference to

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

resignverbUS /rɪˈzaɪn/

leave (a job, post, or position) voluntarily

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

retireverbUS /rɪˈtaɪr/

go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

RevverbUS /rev/

increase the number of rotations per minute

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

Shakespear's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

thronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

WalesnounUS /weɪlz/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; during Roman times the region was known as Cambria

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

whereupon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Be this as it may, he did not live for ever, but falling ill, his son the Prince of Wales came and took away the crown; whereupon the King made a long speech, for which I must refer the Reader to Shakespear’s Plays, and the Prince made a still longer.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading It is to be supposed that Henry was married, since he had certainly four sons, but it is not in my power to inform the Reader who was his wife.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading N.B. There will be very few Dates in this History.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading To Miss Austen, eldest daughter of the Rev. George Austen, this work is inscribed with all due respect by THE AUTHOR.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND HENRY the 4th Henry the 4th ascended the throne of England much to his own satisfaction in the year 1399, after having prevailed on his cousin and predecessor Richard the 2nd, to resign it to him, and to retire for the rest of his life to Pomfret Castle, where he happened to be murdered.

Chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic] by Jane Austen holds 131 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic] contain?

Chapter 7 holds 131 sentences of Love and Freindship [sic], unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic] by Jane Austen exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 131 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Love and Freindship [sic]?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Love and Freindship [sic]

Common questions about reading Love and Freindship [sic] by Jane Austen on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Love and Freindship [sic]?

Yes. All 1229 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1212 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Love and Freindship [sic] is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1212, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Love and Freindship [sic] take to read?

About 102 minutes of reading across 246 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Love and Freindship [sic] section by section

How to work through Love and Freindship [sic] section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Love and Freindship [sic] to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Love and Freindship [sic]

Words and structures a reader meets early in Love and Freindship [sic], each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collection
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love and Freindship [sic]; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love and Freindship [sic]; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cooper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love and Freindship [sic]; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love and Freindship [sic]; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.