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Love of the Wild
Love of the Wild

Chapter IV · Bushwackers’ Place

Chapter IV of Love of the Wild, “Bushwackers’ Place,” is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.
This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.
On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.
From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.
Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Love of the Wild

Chapter IV · Bushwackers’ Place

Chapter IV of Love of the Wild, “Bushwackers’ Place,” is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.
Line 2
This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.
Line 3
On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.
Line 4
From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.
/frʌm ðə edʒ ʌv ðə beɪ ˈnɔːrθwərd ənd ˈwestwərd ðə ˈfɔːrəst swept ɪn ˈvæliz ənd ˈrɪdʒəz ənˈtɪl ðə ˈloʊər lændz wɜːr riːtʃt/
Line 5
Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fiber noun US /ˈfaɪbər/

a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn

From this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

hardwood noun US /ˈhɑːrdwʊd/

the wood of broad-leaved dicotyledonous trees (as distinguished from the wood of conifers)

From this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

network noun US /ˈnetwɜːrk/

an interconnected system of things or people

From this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

Ontario noun US /ɑːnˈterioʊ/

the smallest of the Great Lakes

From this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

swales noun US /sweɪlz/

plural of “swale” — a low area (especially a marshy area between ridges)

From this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

tenacious adjective US /təˈneɪʃəs/

good at remembering

From this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

triangular adjective US /traɪˈæŋɡjələr/

having three angles; forming or shaped like a triangle

From this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

walnut noun US /ˈwɔːlnʌt/

nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell

From this reading “On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thousand acres noun + noun

In this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

walnut trees noun + noun counted as “walnut tree”

any of various trees of the genus Juglans

In this reading “On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.”

ash trees noun + noun counted as “ash tree”

any of various deciduous pinnate-leaved ornamental or timber trees of the genus Fraxinus

In this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

damp earth adjective + noun

In this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

two thousand noun + noun

In this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.”

gave way verb + noun counted as “give way”

move in order to make room for someone for something

In this reading “Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.”

far out adverb + adjective

In this reading “On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.

ashnounUS /æʃ/

the residue that remains when something is burned

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

basswoodnoun

soft light-colored wood of any of various linden trees; used in making crates and boxes and in carving and millwork

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

baynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

blocknounUS /blɑːk/

a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides)

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

Bushwhackers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

dampadjectiveUS /dæmp/

slightly wet

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

Eau

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

elmsnounUS /elmz/

plural of “elm” — any of various trees of the genus Ulmus: important timber or shade trees

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

fibernounUS /ˈfaɪbər/

a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

fingersnounUS /ˈfɪŋɡərz/

plural of “finger” — any of the terminal members of the hand (sometimes excepting the thumb)

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

forestland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

formingverbUS /ˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “form” — create (as an entity)

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

grippedverbUS /ɡrɪpt/

inflected form of “grip” — hold fast or firmly

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

harborverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

hardwoodnounUS /ˈhɑːrdwʊd/

the wood of broad-leaved dicotyledonous trees (as distinguished from the wood of conifers)

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

networknounUS /ˈnetwɜːrk/

an interconnected system of things or people

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

northwardadverbUS /ˈnɔːrθwərd/

in a northern direction

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

OntarionounUS /ɑːnˈterioʊ/

the smallest of the Great Lakes

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

PlacenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.

plow-points

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

ridgesnounUS /ˈrɪdʒəz/

plural of “ridge” — a long narrow natural elevation or striation

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

Rond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

softwoods

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

south-western

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

swalesnounUS /sweɪlz/

plural of “swale” — a low area (especially a marshy area between ridges)

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

tenaciousadjectiveUS /təˈneɪʃəs/

good at remembering

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was known as Bushwhackers’ Place.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

tillers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

tranquiladjectiveUS /ˈtræŋkwəl/

(of a body of water) free from disturbance by heavy waves

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

triangularadjectiveUS /traɪˈæŋɡjələr/

having three angles; forming or shaped like a triangle

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

undergroundadjectiveUS /ˈʌndərɡraʊnd/

under the level of the ground

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

walnutnounUS /ˈwɔːlnʌt/

nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On that triangular forestland of extreme south-western Ontario there was a block of hardwood timber, consisting of something over two thousand acres.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

wearsnounUS /werz/

plural of “wear” — impairment resulting from long use

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

westwardadverbUS /ˈwestwərd/

toward the west

From this reading From the edge of the bay northward and westward the forest swept in valleys and ridges until the lower lands were reached.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading On its left lay a beautiful body of water called Rond Eau, and so close to this natural harbor grew the walnut trees that when the night was old the moon cast their shadows far out across the tranquil waters.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Then the hard timber gave way to the rugged softwoods of the swales, where the giant basswood, elms, and ash trees gripped the damp earth with tenacious fingers that ran far underground, forming a network of fiber, which to this day wears down the plow-points of the tillers of the soil.

Chapter 4 of Love of the Wild by Archie P. McKishnie holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Love of the Wild contain?

Chapter 4 holds 104 sentences of Love of the Wild, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Love of the Wild by Archie P. McKishnie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Love of the Wild?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Love of the Wild

Common questions about reading Love of the Wild by Archie P. McKishnie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Love of the Wild?

Yes. All 5629 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49553 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Love of the Wild is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49553, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Love of the Wild take to read?

About 469 minutes of reading across 1126 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Love of the Wild section by section

How to work through Love of the Wild section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Love of the Wild to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Love of the Wild

Words and structures a reader meets early in Love of the Wild, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

October
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love of the Wild; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sunlight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love of the Wild; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sifted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love of the Wild; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Through
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Love of the Wild; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.