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Loveday's history
Loveday's history

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Loveday's history is here in full — 233 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.
It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.
Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.
I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.
There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Loveday's history

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Loveday's history is here in full — 233 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.
Line 2
It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.
/ɪt wɑːz laɪk ðə ˈlaɪtnɪŋ flæʃ wɪtʃ ˈɔːlweɪz kʌmz ˈsʌdənli ɔːlˈbiːɪt wʌn meɪ hæv siːn ðə klaʊdz ˈɡæðərɪŋ fɔːr ˈaʊərz ənd ˈiːvɪn hæv hɜːrd ˈdɪstənt ɡraʊlz ənd ˈmʌtərɪŋz ʌv ˈθʌndər/
Line 3
Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.
Line 4
I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.
/aɪ rɪˈmɛm.bər wel maɪ ˈleɪdiz ræθ ənd ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən æt ˈhiːrɪŋ ðæt maɪ lɔːrd ˈkɑːrdənəl hæd pʊt daʊn sʌm ˈθɜːrdiː ɔːr mɔːr ʌv ðə smɔːl rɪˈlɪdʒəs ˈhaʊsəz əˈspeʃli ˈkɑːnvənts ʌv nʌnz ənd hæd ˈkɑːnfəskeɪtəd ðer ˈrevənuːz tuː ðə enˈdaʊmənt ʌv hɪz ɡrænd ˈkɑːlɪdʒ faʊnˈdeɪʃən æt ˈɑːksfərd/
Line 5
There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.
/ðer wɑːz noʊ tɔːk ʌv ˈpenʃənz ənd ˈsʌstənəns fɔːr oʊld ɔːr jʌŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

confiscated verb US /ˈkɑːnfəskeɪtəd/

past form of “confiscate” — take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority

From this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

convents noun US /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

endowment noun US /enˈdaʊmənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

growls noun US /ɡraʊlz/

plural of “growl” — the sound of growling (as made by animals)

From this reading “It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.”

mutterings noun US /ˈmʌtərɪŋz/

plural of “muttering” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading “It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.”

pensions noun US /ˈpenʃənz/

plural of “pension” — a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading “There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.”

revenues noun US /ˈrevənuːz/

plural of “revenue” — the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

sustenance noun US /ˈsʌstənəns/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading “There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

little maid adjective + noun

In this reading “Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.”

some thirty adjective + noun

In this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

religious houses adjective + noun counted as “religious house”

In this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

put down verb + adjective

cause to sit or seat or be in a settled position or place

In this reading “I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.”

for hours preposition + noun

In this reading “It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

albeitconjunctionUS /ɔːlˈbiːɪt/

although

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

Betty's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

CardinalnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəl/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

comesnounUS /kʌmz/

plural of “come” — the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

confiscatedverbUS /ˈkɑːnfəskeɪtəd/

past form of “confiscate” — take temporary possession of as a security, by legal authority

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

consternationnounUS /ˌkɑːnstərˈneɪʃən/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

conventsnounUS /ˈkɑːnvənts/

plural of “convent” — a religious residence especially for nuns

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

endowmentnounUS /enˈdaʊmənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

Etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

flashverbUS /flæʃ/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

forgetverbUS /fərˈɡet/

dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

Foster-Sisters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

foundationnounUS /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/

the basis on which something is grounded

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

GovernessnounUS /ˈɡʌvərnəs/

a woman entrusted with the care and supervision of a child (especially in a private home)

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

grandadjectiveUS /ɡrænd/

of behavior that is impressive and ambitious in scale or scope

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

growlsnounUS /ɡraʊlz/

plural of “growl” — the sound of growling (as made by animals)

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

hearingnounUS /ˈhiːrɪŋ/

(law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

kinswomannoun

a female relative

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

lady'snounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

possessive form of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

lightningnounUS /ˈlaɪtnɪŋ/

abrupt electric discharge from cloud to cloud or from cloud to earth accompanied by the emission of light

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

maidnounUS /meɪd/

a female domestic

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

mutteringsnounUS /ˈmʌtərɪŋz/

plural of “muttering” — a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

nunsnounUS /nʌnz/

plural of “nun” — a woman religious

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

OxfordnounUS /ˈɑːksfərd/

a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

Peckham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

pensionsnounUS /ˈpenʃənz/

plural of “pension” — a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

revenuesnounUS /ˈrevənuːz/

plural of “revenue” — the entire amount of income before any deductions are made

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

SHALLmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

Somersetshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

sustenancenounUS /ˈsʌstənəns/

a source of materials to nourish the body

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

thunderverbUS /ˈθʌndər/

move fast, noisily, and heavily

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was like the lightning flash, which always comes suddenly, albeit one may have seen the clouds gathering for hours, and even have heard distant growls and mutterings of thunder.

Winifred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Author of_ _"The Foster-Sisters," "Lady Betty's Governess," "Winifred,"_ _Etc., Etc._ I SHALL never forget that beginning.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Of such growls and mutterings there had indeed been a plenty when I was quite a little maid, living with my kinswoman, Lady Peckham, in Somersetshire.

wrathnounUS /ræθ/

intense anger (usually on an epic scale)

From this reading I remember well my lady's wrath and consternation at hearing that my Lord Cardinal had put down some thirty or more of the small religious houses, especially convents of nuns, and had confiscated their revenues to the endowment of his grand college foundation at Oxford.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading There was no talk of pensions and sustenance for old or young.

Chapter 1 of Loveday's history by Lucy Ellen Guernsey holds 233 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Loveday's history contain?

Chapter 1 holds 233 sentences of Loveday's history, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Loveday's history by Lucy Ellen Guernsey exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 233 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Loveday's history?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Loveday's history

Common questions about reading Loveday's history by Lucy Ellen Guernsey on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Loveday's history?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Loveday's history is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Loveday's history take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Loveday's history

Words and structures a reader meets early in Loveday's history, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Loveday's history, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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