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Lucretia — Volume 01
Lucretia — Volume 01

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01 is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Lucretia — Volume 01
Context Illustration Reading 1/25 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.
"Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."
The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.
"Lucretia" was completed and published before "The Caxtons."
The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lucretia — Volume 01

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01 is here in full — 125 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.
Line 2
"Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."
Line 3
The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.
Line 4
"Lucretia" was completed and published before "The Caxtons."
Line 5
The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.
/ðə ˈmɔːrəl dɪˈzaɪn ʌv ðə fɜːrst wɑːz ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd ənd əˈseɪld ðæt ʌv ðə læst wɑːz ˈdʒenərəli ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd ənd əˈpruːvd ðə ˈmɔːrəl dɪˈzaɪn ɪn boʊθ wɑːz ˌnevərðəˈles prɪˈsaɪsli ðə seɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aims noun US /eɪmz/

plural of “aim” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading “The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.”

assailed verb US /əˈseɪld/

past form of “assail” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.”

collateral adjective US /kəˈlætərəl/

descended from a common ancestor but through different lines

From this reading “The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.”

fictions noun US /ˈfɪkʃənz/

plural of “fiction” — a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading “The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.”

misunderstood adjective US /ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd/

wrongly understood

From this reading “The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.”

preface noun US /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.”

serving noun US /ˈsɜːrvɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading “The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.”

simultaneously adverb US /ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli/

at the same instant

From this reading “"Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1853

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

aimsnounUS /eɪmz/

plural of “aim” — an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

amongstprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋst/

surrounded by; in the company of

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

approvedadjectiveUS /əˈpruːvd/

established by authority; given authoritative approval

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

assailedverbUS /əˈseɪld/

past form of “assail” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "Lucretia" was completed and published before "The Caxtons."

begunverbUS /bɪˈɡʌn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

Caxtons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

ChildrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

collateraladjectiveUS /kəˈlætərəl/

descended from a common ancestor but through different lines

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

completedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpliːtəd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading "Lucretia" was completed and published before "The Caxtons."

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

EDITIONnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

FamilynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

fictionsnounUS /ˈfɪkʃənz/

plural of “fiction” — a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

Lucretia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

misunderstoodadjectiveUS /ˌmɪsəndərˈstʊd/

wrongly understood

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

objectsnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekts/

plural of “object” — a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

pendants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

PicturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

preciselyadverbUS /prɪˈsaɪsli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

PREFACEnounUS /ˈprefəs/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

publishedadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading "Lucretia" was completed and published before "The Caxtons."

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

servingnounUS /ˈsɜːrvɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

simultaneouslyadverbUS /ˌsaɪməlˈteɪniəsli/

at the same instant

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The moral design of the first was misunderstood and assailed; that of the last was generally acknowledged and approved: the moral design in both was nevertheless precisely the same.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading PREFACE TO THE EDITION OF 1853.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The two fictions were intended as pendants; both serving, amongst other collateral aims and objects, to show the influence of home education, of early circumstance and example, upon after character and conduct.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Lucretia; or, The Children of Night," was begun simultaneously with "The Caxtons: a Family Picture."

Chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton holds 125 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 125 sentences of Lucretia — Volume 01, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 125 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Lucretia — Volume 01?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lucretia — Volume 01

Common questions about reading Lucretia — Volume 01 by Edward Bulwer Lytton, Baron Lytton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Lucretia — Volume 01?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Lucretia — Volume 01 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lucretia — Volume 01 take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lucretia — Volume 01 section by section

How to work through Lucretia — Volume 01 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Lucretia — Volume 01 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Lucretia — Volume 01

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lucretia — Volume 01, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Lucretia — Volume 01, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Lucretia — Volume 01, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Lucretia — Volume 01, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.