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Lumen
Lumen

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Lumen is here in full — 474 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]
QUÆRENS.
I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.
By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?
Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Lumen

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Lumen is here in full — 474 sentences across 95 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]
Line 2
QUÆRENS.
Line 3
I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.
Line 4
By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?
/baɪ wʌt nuː ˈprɑːses hæz laɪt ðʌs eˈneɪbəld juː tuː əˈsend ðə striːm ʌv taɪm/
Line 5
Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.
/ˈfɜːrðərmɔːr dɪr ˈluːmən juː hæv ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd miː ðæt juː hæv əbˈzɜːrvd sʌm ˈkjʊriəs pərˈtɪkjələrz ˈrelətɪv tuː ðə ɜːrθ ˌɪtˈself/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ascend verb US /əˈsend/

travel up

From this reading “By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?”

Capella noun US /kəˈpelə/

the brightest star in Auriga

From this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

Furthermore adverb US /ˈfɜːrðərmɔːr/

in addition

From this reading “Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.”

inverse adjective US /ˌɪnˈvɜːrs/

reversed (turned backward) in order or nature or effect

From this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

Lumen noun US /ˈluːmən/

a unit of luminous flux equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle of 1 steradian by a point source of 1 candela intensity radiating uniformly in all directions

From this reading “[Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]”

particulars noun US /pərˈtɪkjələrz/

plural of “particular” — a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

From this reading “Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.”

perspective noun US /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

unrolled verb US /ˌʌnˈroʊld/

past form of “unroll” — reverse the winding or twisting of

From this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

other side adjective + noun

In this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

taking place noun + noun

In this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

change of verb + particle

In this reading “I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

ascendverbUS /əˈsend/

travel up

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

CapellanounUS /kəˈpelə/

the brightest star in Auriga

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

EarthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

enabledverbUS /eˈneɪbəld/

past form of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

FurthermoreadverbUS /ˈfɜːrðərmɔːr/

in addition

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

inevitableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbəl/

incapable of being avoided or prevented

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

informedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd/

having much knowledge or education

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

inverseadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɜːrs/

reversed (turned backward) in order or nature or effect

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

LumennounUS /ˈluːmən/

a unit of luminous flux equal to the amount of light given out through a solid angle of 1 steradian by a point source of 1 candela intensity radiating uniformly in all directions

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

particularsnounUS /pərˈtɪkjələrz/

plural of “particular” — a fact about some part (as opposed to general)

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

perspectivenounUS /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

processverbUS /ˈprɑːses/

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

QUÆRENS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading QUÆRENS.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

relativenounUS /ˈrelətɪv/

a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Furthermore, dear Lumen, you have informed me that you have observed some curious particulars relative to the Earth itself.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

unrolledverbUS /ˌʌnˈroʊld/

past form of “unroll” — reverse the winding or twisting of

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [Sidenote: It was really the Earth that Lumen saw.]

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading By what new process has light thus enabled you to ascend the stream of time?

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading I had not thought of this inevitable change of perspective on the other side of Capella; and so it was really the Earth that you saw, and therefore its history was unrolled before you in an inverse order--you saw ancient events taking place _after_ modern events.

Chapter 3 of Lumen by Camille Flammarion holds 474 sentences, grouped into 95 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Lumen contain?

Chapter 3 holds 474 sentences of Lumen, unabridged, divided into 95 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Lumen by Camille Flammarion exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 474 sentences, grouped into 95 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Lumen?

Work through the 95 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 95 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Lumen

Common questions about reading Lumen by Camille Flammarion on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Lumen?

Yes. All 2348 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43835 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Lumen is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43835, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Lumen take to read?

About 195 minutes of reading across 470 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Lumen section by section

How to work through Lumen section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 5 chapters of Lumen to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Lumen

Words and structures a reader meets early in Lumen, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lumen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forty-first
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lumen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Minor
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lumen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Planets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Lumen; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.