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Luxury--Gluttony
Luxury--Gluttony

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.
A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.
Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.
The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.
This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Luxury--Gluttony

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.
Line 2
A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.
Line 3
Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.
/hiːr em pæˈskæl kənˈtɪnjuːd tuː meɪk ˈveri ˈvæljəbəl dɪˈskaʊnts/
Line 4
The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.
/ðə ˈprɪnsəpəl ˈentrəns ʌv hɪz ˈdwelɪŋ prɪˈsiːdɪd baɪ ə ˈvestɪbjuːl led tuː æn ˈæntetʃeɪmbər ənd ˈʌðər ruːmz/
Line 5
This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.
/ðɪs əˈpɑːrtmənt wɪˈθaʊt ˈeni ˈlʌɡʒəri wɑːz ˌnevərðəˈles ˈkʌmfərtəbəl ə væˈleɪ fɔːr ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər ənd ə læd ʌv fɪfˈtiːn jɪrz fɔːr ˈerəndz səˈfaɪst fɔːr ðə ˈsɜːrvəs ʌv em pæˈskæl ə mæn huː ˈnevər ˈkɑːmpənseɪtəd fɔːr hɪz ˌɪˈmens welθ baɪ əˈbʌndənt ɪkˈspendətʃər ɔːr ˌɪnˈdʌldʒəns ɪn ðoʊz ˈlʌɡʒəriz wɪtʃ səˈpɔːrt ˈleɪbər ənd ɑːrt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

antechamber noun US /ˈæntetʃeɪmbər/

a large entrance or reception room or area

From this reading “The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.”

compensated adjective US /ˈkɑːmpənseɪtəd/

receiving or eligible for compensation

From this reading “This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.”

discounts noun US /dɪˈskaʊnts/

plural of “discount” — the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise

From this reading “Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.”

errands noun US /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading “This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.”

expenditure noun US /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading “This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.”

financier noun US /ˌfɪnənˈsɪr/

a person skilled in large scale financial transactions

From this reading “A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.”

Georges noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒəz/

plural of “george” — Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading “M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.”

Pascal noun US /pæˈskæl/

a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter

From this reading “M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

confidential clerk adjective + noun

In this reading “A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.”

fifteen years noun + noun

In this reading “This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.”

immense wealth adjective + noun

In this reading “This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.”

principal entrance noun + noun

In this reading “The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.”

ground floor noun + noun

the floor of a building that is at or nearest to the level of the ground around the building

In this reading “M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.”

private entrance adjective + noun

In this reading “A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.”

preceded by verb + particle counted as “precede by”

In this reading “The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.”

on the ground preposition + article + noun counted as “on … ground”

In this reading “M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

abundantadjectiveUS /əˈbʌndənt/

present in great quantity

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

antechambernounUS /ˈæntetʃeɪmbər/

a large entrance or reception room or area

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

apartmentnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənt/

a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

assistedadjectiveUS /əˈsɪstɪd/

having help; often used as a combining form

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

clerknounUS /klɜːrk/

an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

compensatedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmpənseɪtəd/

receiving or eligible for compensation

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

confidentialadjectiveUS /ˌkɑːnfəˈdenʃəl/

entrusted with private information and the confidence of another

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

counting-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

deputynounUS /ˈdepjəti/

someone authorized to exercise the powers of sheriff in emergencies

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

discountsnounUS /dɪˈskaʊnts/

plural of “discount” — the act of reducing the selling price of merchandise

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

dwellingnounUS /ˈdwelɪŋ/

housing that someone is living in

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

errandsnounUS /ˈerəndz/

plural of “errand” — a short trip that is taken in the performance of a necessary task or mission

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

expenditurenounUS /ɪkˈspendətʃər/

money paid out; an amount spent

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

financiernounUS /ˌfɪnənˈsɪr/

a person skilled in large scale financial transactions

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

floornounUS /flɔːr/

the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

GeorgesnounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒəz/

plural of “george” — Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

indulgencenounUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒəns/

an inability to resist the gratification of whims and desires

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

ladnounUS /læd/

a boy or man

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

luxuriesnounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəriz/

plural of “luxury” — something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

luxurynounUS /ˈlʌɡʒəri/

something that is an indulgence rather than a necessity

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

managedverbUS /ˈmænədʒd/

past form of “manage” — be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

PascalnounUS /pæˈskæl/

a unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

precededverbUS /prɪˈsiːdɪd/

past form of “precede” — be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

quarternounUS /ˈkwɔːrtər/

one of four equal parts

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

reservedadjectiveUS /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

set aside for the use of a particular person or party

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

roomsnounUS /ruːmz/

apartment consisting of a series of connected rooms used as a living unit (as in a hotel)

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

situatedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪtʃuːeɪtɪd/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

sufficedverbUS /səˈfaɪst/

past form of “suffice” — be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading M. Pascal lived alone on the ground floor of a house situated in the new quarter St. Georges, and opening on the street.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

valetnounUS /væˈleɪ/

a manservant who acts as a personal attendant to his employer

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Here M. Pascal continued to make very valuable discounts.

vestibulenounUS /ˈvestɪbjuːl/

a large entrance or reception room or area

From this reading The principal entrance of his dwelling, preceded by a vestibule, led to an antechamber and other rooms.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading This apartment, without any luxury, was, nevertheless, comfortable; a valet for the interior and a lad of fifteen years for errands sufficed for the service of M. Pascal, a man who never compensated for his immense wealth by abundant expenditure, or indulgence in those luxuries which support labour and art.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading A private entrance was reserved for the counting-room of the financier, which was managed by a confidential clerk, assisted by a young deputy who attended to the writing.

Chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony by Eugène Sue holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony contain?

Chapter 20 holds 100 sentences of Luxury--Gluttony, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony by Eugène Sue exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Luxury--Gluttony?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Luxury--Gluttony

Common questions about reading Luxury--Gluttony by Eugène Sue on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Luxury--Gluttony?

Yes. All 5075 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34305 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Luxury--Gluttony is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34305, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Luxury--Gluttony take to read?

About 422 minutes of reading across 1015 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Luxury--Gluttony

Words and structures a reader meets early in Luxury--Gluttony, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Luxury--gluttony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Luxury--Gluttony; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Seven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Luxury--Gluttony; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cardinal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Luxury--Gluttony; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Luxury--Gluttony; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.