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Magnum Bonum
Magnum Bonum

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum is here in full — 344 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/68 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.
Isaac Williams.
Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.
His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.
His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Magnum Bonum

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum is here in full — 344 sentences across 69 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/68 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.
/ˈsoʊldʒər naʊ ənd ˈsɜːrvənt truː ɜːrθ bɪˈhaɪnd ənd ˈhevən ɪn vjuː/
Line 2
Isaac Williams.
/ˈaɪzək ˈwɪljəmz/
Line 3
Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.
Line 4
His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.
/hɪz ˈfɑːðər hæd nɑːt lɪvd tuː wer ɪt ənd hɪz tuː ˈeldər ˈbrʌðərz hæd boʊθ daɪd ɪn ˈɜːrli juːθ/
Line 5
His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.
/hɪz priˈkeriəs eɡˈzɪstəns siːmd tuː biː ˈoʊnli held ɑːn ə ˈtenjər ʌv ˈkɑːnstənt priˈkɔːʃən ənd ɪf hɪz ˈmʌðər ˈventʃərd tuː hoʊp ðæt ɪt maɪt biː ˈʌðərwaɪz wɪð ðə tuː ˈjʌŋɡəst ʌv ðə ˈfæməli ɪt wɑːz bɪˈkɔːz ðeɪ wɜːr ʌv ə ˈʃɔːrtər ˈstɜːrdiər mɔːr ˈkɑːmpækt fɔːrm ənd les trænˈsperənt kəmˈplekʃən ðæn ðer ˈeldərz ənd ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər siːmd ʌv ə ˈdɪfərənt ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bearer noun US /ˈberər/

someone whose employment involves carrying something

From this reading “Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.”

compact noun US /ˈkɑːmpækt/

a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse

From this reading “His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.”

elders noun US /ˈeldərz/

plural of “elder” — a person who is older than you are

From this reading “His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.”

Isaac noun US /ˈaɪzək/

(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau

From this reading “Isaac Williams.”

precarious adjective US /priˈkeriəs/

affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading “His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.”

sturdier adjective US /ˈstɜːrdiər/

comparative of “sturdy” — having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading “His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.”

tenure noun US /ˈtenjər/

the term during which some position is held

From this reading “His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.”

Viscount noun US /ˈvɪskaʊnt/

(in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count

From this reading “Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

altogetheradverbUS /ˌɔːltəˈɡeðər/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

Alwyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

bearernounUS /ˈberər/

someone whose employment involves carrying something

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

brothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

compactnounUS /ˈkɑːmpækt/

a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

complexionnounUS /kəmˈplekʃən/

the coloring of a person's face

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

constitutionnounUS /ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃən/

law determining the fundamental political principles of a government

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

EarthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

eldersnounUS /ˈeldərz/

plural of “elder” — a person who is older than you are

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

Evelyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

Fordham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

fourthnounUS /fɔːrθ/

following the third position; number four in a countable series

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

IsaacnounUS /ˈaɪzək/

(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau

From this reading Isaac Williams.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

Marmaduke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

precariousadjectiveUS /priˈkeriəs/

affording no ease or reassurance

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

precautionnounUS /priˈkɔːʃən/

a precautionary measure warding off impending danger or damage or injury etc.

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

servantnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənt/

a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

shorteradjectiveUS /ˈʃɔːrtər/

comparative of “short” — primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

SoldiernounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

sturdieradjectiveUS /ˈstɜːrdiər/

comparative of “sturdy” — having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

tenurenounUS /ˈtenjər/

the term during which some position is held

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

transparentadjectiveUS /trænˈsperənt/

transmitting light; able to be seen through with clarity

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

venturedverbUS /ˈventʃərd/

past form of “venture” — proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading Soldier now and servant true; Earth behind and heaven in view.

ViscountnounUS /ˈvɪskaʊnt/

(in various countries) a son or younger brother or a count

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

WilliamsnounUS /ˈwɪljəmz/

United States country singer and songwriter (1923-1953)

From this reading Isaac Williams.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Marmaduke Alwyn Evelyn, Viscount Fordham, was the fourth bearer of that title within ten years.

youngestadjectiveUS /ˈjʌŋɡəst/

superlative of “young” — (used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading His precarious existence seemed to be only held on a tenure of constant precaution, and if his mother ventured to hope that it might be otherwise with the two youngest of the family, it was because they were of a shorter, sturdier, more compact form and less transparent complexion than their elders, and altogether seemed of a different constitution.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading His father had not lived to wear it, and his two elder brothers had both died in early youth.

Chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge holds 344 sentences, grouped into 69 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum contain?

Chapter 20 holds 344 sentences of Magnum Bonum, unabridged, divided into 69 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 344 sentences, grouped into 69 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Magnum Bonum?

Work through the 69 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 69 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Magnum Bonum

Common questions about reading Magnum Bonum by Charlotte M. (Charlotte Mary) Yonge on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Magnum Bonum?

Yes. All 11563 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5080 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Magnum Bonum is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5080, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Magnum Bonum take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2313 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Magnum Bonum section by section

How to work through Magnum Bonum section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Magnum Bonum to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Magnum Bonum

Words and structures a reader meets early in Magnum Bonum, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Orphan
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Magnum Bonum; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Magnum Bonum; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Magnum Bonum; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Magnum Bonum; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.