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Maitre Cornelius
Maitre Cornelius

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
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Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.
This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.
Louis XI., however, played the incognito openly.
On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.
For some time past he had found no opportunity to make himself populace and espouse the domestic interests of some man engarrie (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Maitre Cornelius

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.
/ˈluːɪs ʃiː wɑːz fɑːnd ʌv ˌɪntərˈviːnɪŋ ɪn ðə əˈferz ʌv hɪz ˈsʌbdʒɪkts ənd hiː wɑːz ˈɔːlweɪz ˈredi tuː ˈmɪŋɡəl hɪz ˈrɔɪəl ˈmædʒəsti wɪð ðə ˈbɜːrɡər laɪf/
Line 2
This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for theincognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.
Line 3
Louis XI., however, played the incognito openly.
/ˈluːɪs ʃiː ˌhaʊˈevər pleɪd ðə ˌɪnkɔːɡˈniːtoʊ ˈoʊpənli/
Line 4
On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.
Line 5
For some time past he had found no opportunity tomake himself populaceand espouse the domestic interests of some manengarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abdication noun US /ˌæbdɪˈkeɪʃən/

a formal resignation and renunciation of powers

From this reading “This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.”

burgher noun US /ˈbɜːrɡər/

a citizen of an English borough

From this reading “Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.”

enables verb US /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading “This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.”

espouse verb US /ɪˈspaʊz/

choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading “For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.”

incognito adjective US /ˌɪnkɔːɡˈniːtoʊ/

with your identity concealed

From this reading “This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.”

insipid adjective US /ˌɪnˈsɪpəd/

lacking taste or flavor or tang

From this reading “This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.”

litigious adjective US /lɪˈtɪdʒəs/

of or relating to litigation

From this reading “For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.”

Tours noun US /tʊrz/

an industrial city in western France on the Loire River

From this reading “For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.”

All words in this reading · 108

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

abdicationnounUS /ˌæbdɪˈkeɪʃən/

a formal resignation and renunciation of powers

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

alliesnounUS /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

anxietiesnounUS /æŋˈzaɪətiz/

plural of “anxiety” — (psychiatry) a relatively permanent state of worry and nervousness occurring in a variety of mental disorders, usually accompanied by compulsive behavior or attacks of panic

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

blamedadjectiveUS /bleɪmd/

expletives used informally as intensifiers

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

burghernounUS /ˈbɜːrɡər/

a citizen of an English borough

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

Comtesse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

Cornelius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

eagerlyadverbUS /ˈiːɡərli/

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

enablesverbUS /eˈneɪbəlz/

third-person singular of “enable” — render capable or able for some task

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

endeavoringverbUS /ɪnˈdevərɪŋ/

-ing form of “endeavor” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

engarrie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

espouseverbUS /ɪˈspaʊz/

choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

existencenounUS /eɡˈzɪstəns/

the state or fact of existing

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

fellownounUS /ˈfeloʊ/

a boy or man

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

feudality

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

historiansnounUS /hɪˈstɔːriənz/

plural of “historian” — a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Louis XI., however, played the incognito openly.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

incognitoadjectiveUS /ˌɪnkɔːɡˈniːtoʊ/

with your identity concealed

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

insipidadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈsɪpəd/

lacking taste or flavor or tang

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

interestsnounUS /ˈɪntrəsts/

plural of “interest” — a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

interveningadjectiveUS /ˌɪntərˈviːnɪŋ/

occurring or falling between events or points in time

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

lacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

litigiousadjectiveUS /lɪˈtɪdʒəs/

of or relating to litigation

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

LouisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

Maitre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

majestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

meaningnounUS /ˈmiːnɪŋ/

the message that is intended or expressed or signified

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

mingleverbUS /ˈmɪŋɡəl/

to bring or combine together or with something else

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

momentaryadjectiveUS /ˈmoʊmənteri/

lasting for a markedly brief time

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

occasionsnounUS /əˈkeɪʒənz/

something you have to do

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

openlyadverbUS /ˈoʊpənli/

in an open way

From this reading Louis XI., however, played the incognito openly.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

oppositionnounUS /ˌɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading Louis XI., however, played the incognito openly.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

pleasuresnounUS /ˈpleʒərz/

plural of “pleasure” — a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

populacenounUS /ˈpɑːpjələs/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

princesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəz/

plural of “prince” — a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

Saint-Vallier

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

severelyadverbUS /səˈvɪrli/

to a severe or serious degree

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

shoulderedadjectiveUS /ˈʃoʊldərd/

having shoulders or shoulders as specified; usually used as a combining form

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

sorrowsnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

tasteverbUS /teɪst/

To perceive flavor through the mouth.

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

ToursnounUS /tʊrz/

an industrial city in western France on the Loire River

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading This taste, severely blamed by some historians, was really only a passion for the “incognito,” one of the greatest pleasures of princes,--a sort of momentary abdication, which enables them to put a little real life into their existence, made insipid by the lack of opposition.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On these occasions he was always the good fellow, endeavoring to please the people of the middle classes, whom he made his allies against feudality.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading For some time past he had found no opportunity to “make himself populace” and espouse the domestic interests of some man “engarrie” (an old word still used in Tours, meaning engaged) in litigious affairs, so that he shouldered the anxieties of Maitre Cornelius eagerly, and also the secret sorrows of the Comtesse de Saint-Vallier.

XInounUS /ʃiː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of ten and one

From this reading Louis XI. was fond of intervening in the affairs of his subjects, and he was always ready to mingle his royal majesty with the burgher life.

Chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius by Honoré de Balzac holds 223 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius contain?

Chapter 4 holds 223 sentences of Maitre Cornelius, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius by Honoré de Balzac exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 223 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Maitre Cornelius?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Maitre Cornelius

Common questions about reading Maitre Cornelius by Honoré de Balzac on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Maitre Cornelius?

Yes. All 1048 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1454 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Maitre Cornelius is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1454, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Maitre Cornelius take to read?

About 87 minutes of reading across 210 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Maitre Cornelius section by section

How to work through Maitre Cornelius section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Maitre Cornelius to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Maitre Cornelius

Words and structures a reader meets early in Maitre Cornelius, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Saints
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Maitre Cornelius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Moment
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Maitre Cornelius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Maitre Cornelius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Begins
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Maitre Cornelius; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.