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Chapter XX

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Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.
She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.
The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.
A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.
Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

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Chapter XX

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.
Line 2
She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.
Line 3
The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.
Line 4
A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.
Line 5
Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.”

Brought noun US /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.”

Journey noun US /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.”

Life noun US /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.”

Once noun US /once/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

animals

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

biped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

broughtnounUS /ˈbrought/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

civilization

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

close

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

cold

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

complexities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

compulsion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

deadly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

denied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

DESPAIR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

familiar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

father

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

fellows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

forced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

FRONTIER

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

girls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

given

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

habits

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

intimacy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

Jessie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

journeynounUS /ˈjourney/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

lifenounUS /life/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

living

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

modern

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

more

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

nature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

niceness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

North

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

once

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

raw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

sled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

stark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

sub-Arctic

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

taken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Jessie had more than once taken a long sled journey with her father.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ON THE FRONTIER OF DESPAIR The compulsion of life had denied Jessie the niceness given girls by the complexities of modern civilization.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

traveler

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She had been brought up close to raw stark nature.

vices

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The habits of animals were familiar to her and the vices of the biped man.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading A traveler in the sub-Arctic is forced by the deadly cold of the North into a near intimacy of living with his fellows.