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Marching Sands
Marching Sands

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Marching Sands is here in full — 234 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Marching Sands
Context Illustration Reading 1/46 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.
In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.
It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.
Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.
In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Marching Sands

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Marching Sands is here in full — 234 sentences across 47 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/46 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.
Line 2
In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.
Line 3
It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.
/ɪt ɪz ə wɔːld ˈsɪti ˈstændɪŋ ˈskwerli əˈθwɔːrt ðə ˈhaɪweɪ frʌm ˈtʃaɪnə ˈprɑːpər tuː ðə ˌɪnˈtɪriər/
Line 4
Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.
Line 5
In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

athwart adverb US /əˈθwɔːrt/

at right angles to the center line of a ship

From this reading “It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.”

barbarians noun US /bɑːrˈberiənz/

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading “In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.”

citadel noun US /ˈsɪt.ə.del/

A fortress protecting a city, metaphorically representing the invincible inner sanctuary of the rational mind.

From this reading “In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.”

highlands noun US /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading “Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.”

pagodas noun US /pəˈɡoʊdəz/

plural of “pagoda” — an Asian temple; usually a pyramidal tower with an upward curving roof

From this reading “MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.”

squarely adverb US /ˈskwerli/

directly and without evasion; not roundabout

From this reading “It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.”

steppe noun US /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading “In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.”

walled verb US /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading “It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

passed through verb + particle counted as “pass through”

make a passage or journey from one place to another

In this reading “In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.”

western gate adjective + noun

In this reading “MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.”

after leaving preposition + noun

In this reading “In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.”

rise from verb + particle

In this reading “MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.”

through the town preposition + article + noun counted as “through … town”

In this reading “In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

AmericansnounUS /əˈmerəkənz/

plural of “american” — a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

AsianounUS /ˈeɪʒə/

the largest continent with 60% of the earth's population; it is joined to Europe on the west to form Eurasia; it is the site of some of the world's earliest civilizations

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

athwartadverbUS /əˈθwɔːrt/

at right angles to the center line of a ship

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

barbariansnounUS /bɑːrˈberiənz/

plural of “barbarian” — a member of an uncivilized people

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

BeyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.

bordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

CentraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

centuriesnounUS /ˈsentʃəriz/

plural of “century” — a period of 100 years

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

ChinanounUS /ˈtʃaɪnə/

a communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

citadelnounUS /ˈsɪt.ə.del/

A fortress protecting a city, metaphorically representing the invincible inner sanctuary of the rational mind.

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

defensenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(military) military action or resources protecting a country against potential enemies

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

exactlyadverbUS /ɪɡˈzæktli/

indicating exactness or preciseness

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

formeradjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmər/

referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several)

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

GraynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

highlandsnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading Beyond Liangchowfu are the highlands of Central Asia.

highwaynounUS /ˈhaɪweɪ/

a major road for any form of motor transport

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

Honanfu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

interioradjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɪriər/

situated within or suitable for inside a building

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

KHANnounUS /kɑːn/

a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

Kia-yu-kwan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

Liangchowfu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

MIRAI

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

NearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

outeradjectiveUS /ˈaʊtər/

being on the outside or further from a center

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

pagodasnounUS /pəˈɡoʊdəz/

plural of “pagoda” — an Asian temple; usually a pyramidal tower with an upward curving roof

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

promisedverbUS /ˈprɑːməst/

past form of “promise” — make a promise or commitment

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

squarelyadverbUS /ˈskwerli/

directly and without evasion; not roundabout

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

steppenounUS /step/

extensive plain without trees (associated with eastern Russia and Siberia)

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

twinnounUS /twɪn/

either of two offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

wagonsnounUS /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading In exactly a month after leaving Honanfu, as Gray had promised, the wagons bearing the two Americans passed through the town gate.

WallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

walledverbUS /wɔːld/

past form of “wall” — surround with a wall in order to fortify

From this reading It is a walled city, standing squarely athwart the highway from China proper to the interior.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In former centuries Liangchowfu was the border town, a citadel of defense against the outer barbarians of the northern steppe and Central Asia.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading MIRAI KHAN Near Kia-yu-kwan, the western gate of the Great Wall, the twin pagodas of Liangchowfu rise from the plain.

Chapter 6 of Marching Sands by Harold Lamb holds 234 sentences, grouped into 47 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Marching Sands contain?

Chapter 6 holds 234 sentences of Marching Sands, unabridged, divided into 47 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Marching Sands by Harold Lamb exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 234 sentences, grouped into 47 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Marching Sands?

Work through the 47 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 47 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Marching Sands

Common questions about reading Marching Sands by Harold Lamb on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Marching Sands?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Marching Sands is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Marching Sands take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Marching Sands section by section

How to work through Marching Sands section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Marching Sands

Words and structures a reader meets early in Marching Sands, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Marching Sands, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Marching Sands, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.