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Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete
Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete is here in full — 648 sentences across 130 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/129 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.
The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.
Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.
There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.
Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete is here in full — 648 sentences across 130 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/129 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.
Line 2
The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.
/ðə ɪˈvent pruːvd ðæt ˈweðər ðeɪ kʊd red ɔːr nɑːt ðə ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl məˈdʒɔːrəti dɪd nɑːt wɪʃ tuː red ðə laɪf ʌv ðə poʊp ðoʊ ɪt wɑːz ˈrɪtən baɪ ə ˈdɪɡnəteri ʌv ðə tʃɜːrtʃ ənd ˈɪʃuːd tuː ðə wɜːrld wɪð ˈsæŋkʃən frʌm ðə ˈvætɪkən/
Line 3
Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.
/ˈhaʊəlz ʌv kɔːrs ɪz rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ tuː ðə ˈleɪbərɪŋ ˈkæθlɪk ʌv ðæt deɪ/
Line 4
There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.
Line 5
Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.
/pərˈhæps hæd ðə poʊps laɪf bɪn ˈɪʃuːd ɪn ðɪs nuː ˈaʊər ʌv ˌenˈlaɪtənmənt ðə teɪl ʌv ɪts səkˈses maɪt hæv bɪn les ˈsædli toʊld/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Catholics noun US /ˈkæθlɪks/

plural of “catholic” — a member of a Catholic church

From this reading “We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.”

dignitary noun US /ˈdɪɡnəteri/

an important or influential (and often overbearing) person

From this reading “The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.”

enlightenment noun US /ˌenˈlaɪtənmənt/

education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge

From this reading “Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.”

Howells noun US /ˈhaʊəlz/

United States writer and editor (1837-1920)

From this reading “Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.”

immeasurable adjective US /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl/

impossible to measure

From this reading “The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.”

laboring adjective US /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading “Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.”

Pope's noun US /poʊps/

possessive form of “pope” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading “Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.”

Vatican noun US /ˈvætɪkən/

the residence of the Catholic Pope in the Vatican City

From this reading “The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

of course preposition + noun

as might be expected

In this reading “Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

CatholicadjectiveUS /ˈkæθlɪk/

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

CatholicsnounUS /ˈkæθlɪks/

plural of “catholic” — a member of a Catholic church

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

dignitarynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəteri/

an important or influential (and often overbearing) person

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

enlightenmentnounUS /ˌenˈlaɪtənmənt/

education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

eventnounUS /ɪˈvent/

something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

HowellsnounUS /ˈhaʊəlz/

United States writer and editor (1837-1920)

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

immeasurableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmeʒəræbəl/

impossible to measure

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

issuedverbUS /ˈɪʃuːd/

past form of “issue” — prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

laboringadjectiveUS /ˈleɪbərɪŋ/

doing arduous or unpleasant work

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

majoritynounUS /məˈdʒɔːrəti/

the property resulting from being or relating to the greater in number of two parts; the main part

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

PerhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

plentifuladjectiveUS /ˈplentəfəl/

existing in great number or quantity

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

PopenounUS /poʊp/

the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

Pope'snounUS /poʊps/

possessive form of “pope” — the head of the Roman Catholic Church

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

referringverbUS /rɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Howells, of course, is referring to the laboring Catholic of that day.

sadlyadverbUS /ˈsædli/

in an unfortunate way

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

sanctionnounUS /ˈsæŋkʃən/

formal and explicit approval

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Perhaps had the Pope's Life been issued in this new hour of enlightenment the tale of its success might have been less sadly told.

VaticannounUS /ˈvætɪkən/

the residence of the Catholic Pope in the Vatican City

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There are no Catholics of this day--no American Catholics, at least--who do not read, and money among them has become plentiful.

wishverbUS /wɪʃ/

hope for; have a wish

From this reading We did not consider how often Catholics could not read, how often, when they could, they might not wish to read.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading The event proved that, whether they could read or not, the immeasurable majority did not wish to read The Life of the Pope, though it was written by a dignitary of the Church and issued to the world with sanction from the Vatican.

Chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete by Albert Bigelow Paine holds 648 sentences, grouped into 130 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete contain?

Chapter 20 holds 648 sentences of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete, unabridged, divided into 130 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete by Albert Bigelow Paine exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 648 sentences, grouped into 130 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete?

Work through the 130 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 130 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Common questions about reading Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete by Albert Bigelow Paine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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How to work through Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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