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Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete
Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete is here in full — 639 sentences across 128 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/127 · 5 lines
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“Was this rebuke studied and intentional?
I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.
I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.
For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”
It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete is here in full — 639 sentences across 128 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/127 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“Was this rebuke studied and intentional?
/wɑːz ðɪs riˈbjuːk ˈstʌdid ənd ˌɪnˈtenʃənəl/
Line 2
I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.
Line 3
I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.
Line 4
For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”
Line 5
It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.
/ɪt wɑːz ə ˈpɜːrsɪnəl ˈmesədʒ frʌm ðə ˈempərər ðæt ˈfɔːrˈtiːn jɪrz ˈleɪtər rɪˈkɔːld tuː hɪm ðɪs ˈkjʊriəs ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

doubts noun US /daʊts/

plural of “doubt” — the state of being unsure of something

From this reading “I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.”

Dowager noun US /ˈdaʊədʒər/

a widow holding property received from her deceased husband

From this reading “For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.””

Empress noun US /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading “For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.””

fourteen noun US /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading “It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.”

intentional adjective US /ˌɪnˈtenʃənəl/

characterized by conscious design or purpose

From this reading ““Was this rebuke studied and intentional?”

modifying verb US /ˈmɑːdəfaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “modify” — make less severe or harsh or extreme

From this reading “I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.”

rebuke verb US /riˈbjuːk/

censure severely or angrily

From this reading ““Was this rebuke studied and intentional?”

reigning adjective US /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading “For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fourteen years noun + noun

In this reading “It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.”

curious circumstance adjective + noun

In this reading “It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.”

absolutely sure adverb + adjective

In this reading “I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.”

For example preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.””

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

afterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

can't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

circumstancesnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstænsəz/

your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

doubtsnounUS /daʊts/

plural of “doubt” — the state of being unsure of something

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

DowagernounUS /ˈdaʊədʒər/

a widow holding property received from her deceased husband

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

EmpressnounUS /ˈempres/

a woman emperor or the wife of an emperor

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

intentionaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtenʃənəl/

characterized by conscious design or purpose

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

invitedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvaɪtəd/

past form of “invite” — increase the likelihood of

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

messagenounUS /ˈmesədʒ/

a communication (usually brief) that is written or spoken or signaled

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

modifyingverbUS /ˈmɑːdəfaɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “modify” — make less severe or harsh or extreme

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

personaladjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrsɪnəl/

concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

rebukeverbUS /riˈbjuːk/

censure severely or angrily

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

recalledverbUS /rɪˈkɔːld/

past form of “recall” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

reigningadjectiveUS /ˈreɪnɪŋ/

exercising power or authority

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading I can't be absolutely sure of it because of modifying doubts created afterward by one or two circumstances.

Versen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

von

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For example: the Empress Dowager invited me to her palace, and the reigning Empress invited me to breakfast, and also sent for General von Versen to come to her palace and read to her and her ladies from my books.”

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Was this rebuke studied and intentional?

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading I don't know, but I regarded it in that way.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading It was a personal message from the Emperor that fourteen years later recalled to him this curious circumstance.

Chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete by Albert Bigelow Paine holds 639 sentences, grouped into 128 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete contain?

Chapter 22 holds 639 sentences of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete, unabridged, divided into 128 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete by Albert Bigelow Paine exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 639 sentences, grouped into 128 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete?

Work through the 128 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 128 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mark Twain: A Biography. Complete, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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