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Mary: A Fiction
Mary: A Fiction

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mary: A Fiction
Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
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L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.
ROUSSEAU.
ADVERTISEMENT.
In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.
This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mary: A Fiction

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction is here in full — 453 sentences across 91 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.
Line 2
ROUSSEAU.
/ruːˈsoʊ/
Line 3
ADVERTISEMENT.
/ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt/
Line 4
In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.
/ɪn dɪˈlɪnieɪtɪŋ ðə ˈheroʊən ʌv ðɪs ˈfɪkʃən ðə ˈɔːθər əˈtempts tuː dɪˈveləp ə ˈkerɪktər ˈdɪfərənt frʌm ðoʊz ˈdʒenərəli pɔːrˈtreɪd/
Line 5
This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

delineating verb US /dɪˈlɪnieɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “delineate” — show the form or outline of

From this reading “In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.”

genie noun US /ˈdʒiː.ni/

A magical spirit of immense power, often confined within an oil lamp or ring and bound to serve its master.

From this reading “L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.”

models noun US /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading “This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.”

modifications noun US /ˌmɑːdəfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “modification” — the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)

From this reading “This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.”

originals noun US /ərˈɪdʒənəlz/

plural of “original” — an original creation (i.e., an audio recording) from which copies can be made

From this reading “This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.”

plus noun US /plʌs/

a useful or valuable quality

From this reading “L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.”

portrayed adjective US /pɔːrˈtreɪd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading “In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.”

rousseau noun US /ruːˈsoʊ/

French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)

From this reading “ROUSSEAU.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

ADVERTISEMENTnounUS /ædˈvɜːrtəzmənt/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading ADVERTISEMENT.

artistsnounUS /ˈɑːrtɪsts/

plural of “artist” — a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

attemptsnounUS /əˈtempts/

plural of “attempt” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

Clarissa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

copynounUS /ˈkɑːpi/

a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

delineatingverbUS /dɪˈlɪnieɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “delineate” — show the form or outline of

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

desnounUS /des/

a potent estrogen used in medicine and in feed for livestock and poultry

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

developverbUS /dɪˈveləp/

make something new, such as a product or a mental or artistic creation

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

eleve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

et

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

FictionnounUS /ˈfɪkʃən/

a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

GnounUS /dʒiː/

a metric unit of weight equal to one thousandth of a kilogram

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

genienounUS /ˈdʒiː.ni/

A magical spirit of immense power, often confined within an oil lamp or ring and bound to serve its master.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

HeroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

L'exercice

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

lenounUS /lə/

a chronic inflammatory collagen disease affecting connective tissue (skin or joints)

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

mastersnounUS /ˈmæstərz/

United States poet (1869-1950)

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

mentionverbUS /ˈmenʃən/

make reference to

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

modelsnounUS /ˈmɑːdəlz/

plural of “model” — a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

modificationsnounUS /ˌmɑːdəfəˈkeɪʃənz/

plural of “modification” — the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment)

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

nourrit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

originalsnounUS /ərˈɪdʒənəlz/

plural of “original” — an original creation (i.e., an audio recording) from which copies can be made

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

plusnounUS /plʌs/

a useful or valuable quality

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

portrayedadjectiveUS /pɔːrˈtreɪd/

represented graphically by sketch or design or lines

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

ROUSSEAUnounUS /ruːˈsoʊ/

French philosopher and writer born in Switzerland; believed that the natural goodness of man was warped by society; ideas influenced the French Revolution (1712-1778)

From this reading ROUSSEAU.

Sophie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

sublimes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In delineating the Heroine of this Fiction, the Author attempts to develop a character different from those generally portrayed.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

vertus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading L'exercice des plus sublimes vertus eleve et nourrit le genie.

wanderverbUS /ˈwɑːndər/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

widelyadverbUS /ˈwaɪdli/

to a great degree

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading This woman is neither a Clarissa, a Lady G----, nor a[A] Sophie.--It would be vain to mention the various modifications of these models, as it would to remark, how widely artists wander from nature, when they copy the originals of great masters.

Chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction by Mary Wollstonecraft holds 453 sentences, grouped into 91 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction contain?

Chapter 1 holds 453 sentences of Mary: A Fiction, unabridged, divided into 91 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction by Mary Wollstonecraft exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 453 sentences, grouped into 91 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Mary: A Fiction?

Work through the 91 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 91 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mary: A Fiction

Common questions about reading Mary: A Fiction by Mary Wollstonecraft on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mary: A Fiction?

Yes. All 881 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16357 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mary: A Fiction is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16357, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mary: A Fiction take to read?

About 73 minutes of reading across 177 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mary: A Fiction section by section

How to work through Mary: A Fiction section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 2 chapters of Mary: A Fiction to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Mary: A Fiction

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mary: A Fiction, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

L'exercice
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary: A Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sublimes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary: A Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vertus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary: A Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Eleve
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary: A Fiction; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.