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Mary Barton
Mary Barton

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Mary Barton is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mary Barton
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"
"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!
And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."
ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.
Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mary Barton

Chapter XXVIII · Chapter 28

Chapter 28 of Mary Barton is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"
Line 2
"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!
/ə wet ʃiːt ənd ə ˈfloʊɪŋ siː ə waɪnd ðæt ˈfɑːloʊz fæst ənd fɪlz ðə waɪt ənd ˈrʌslɪŋ seɪl ənd bendz ðə ˈɡælənt mæst/
Line 3
And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."
/ənd bendz ðə ˈɡælənt mæst maɪ bɔɪz waɪl laɪk ðə ˈiːɡəl friː əˈweɪ ðə ɡʊd ʃɪp flaɪz ənd liːvz oʊld ˈɪŋɡlənd ɑːn ðə liː/
Line 4
ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.
Line 5
Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bends noun US /bendz/

pain resulting from rapid change in pressure

From this reading “"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!”

cropper noun US /ˈkrɑːpər/

small farmers and tenants

From this reading “"JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"”

cunningham noun US /ˈkʌnɪŋhæm/

United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1922)

From this reading “ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.”

eagle noun US /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading “And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."”

fills noun US /fɪlz/

plural of “fill” — a quantity sufficient to satisfy

From this reading “"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!”

flowing noun US /ˈfloʊɪŋ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading “"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!”

mast noun US /mæst/

a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading “"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!”

rustling noun US /ˈrʌslɪŋ/

the stealing of cattle

From this reading “"A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

AHOY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"

ALLAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

AwayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

bendsnounUS /bendz/

pain resulting from rapid change in pressure

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

Charley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

CROPPERnounUS /ˈkrɑːpər/

small farmers and tenants

From this reading "JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"

CUNNINGHAMnounUS /ˈkʌnɪŋhæm/

United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1922)

From this reading ALLAN CUNNINGHAM.

eaglenounUS /ˈiːɡəl/

any of various large keen-sighted diurnal birds of prey noted for their broad wings and strong soaring flight

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

fillsnounUS /fɪlz/

plural of “fill” — a quantity sufficient to satisfy

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

fliesnounUS /flaɪz/

(theater) the space over the stage (out of view of the audience) used to store scenery (drop curtains)

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

flowingnounUS /ˈfloʊɪŋ/

the motion characteristic of fluids (liquids or gases)

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

followsverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊz/

third-person singular of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

gallantadjectiveUS /ˈɡælənt/

unflinching in battle or action

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading "JOHN CROPPER, AHOY!"

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

leenounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

MarynounUS /ˈmeri/

the mother of Jesus; Christians refer to her as the Virgin Mary; she is especially honored by Roman Catholics

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

mastnounUS /mæst/

a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

rustlingnounUS /ˈrʌslɪŋ/

the stealing of cattle

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

sheetnounUS /ʃiːt/

any broad thin expanse or surface

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

WhileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading And bends the gallant mast, my boys, While, like the eagle free, Away the good ship flies, and leaves Old England on the lee."

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading "A wet sheet and a flowing sea, A wind that follows fast And fills the white and rustling sail, And bends the gallant mast!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Mary had not understood that Charley was not coming with her.

Chapter 28 of Mary Barton by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 142 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Mary Barton contain?

Chapter 28 holds 142 sentences of Mary Barton, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Mary Barton by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 142 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Mary Barton?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mary Barton

Common questions about reading Mary Barton by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mary Barton?

Yes. All 7946 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2153 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mary Barton is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2153, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mary Barton take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1590 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mary Barton section by section

How to work through Mary Barton section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of Mary Barton to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Mary Barton

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mary Barton, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mysterious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary Barton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Disappearance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary Barton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Working
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary Barton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whole
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mary Barton; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.