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Massacres of the South (1551-1815)
Massacres of the South (1551-1815)

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815) is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
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For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.
Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.
Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.
He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.
He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Massacres of the South (1551-1815)

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815) is here in full — 119 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.
Line 2
Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.
Line 3
Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ hiː wɑːz ˈhɑːrdli əˈbʌv ˈmɪdəl haɪt ənd hɪz bæk wɑːz bent frʌm ˈberɪŋ ˈhevi ˈbɜːrdənz hɪz leɡz baʊd baɪ ðə ˈpreʃər ʌv ðə ɪˈnɔːrməs ˈmæsəz wɪtʃ hiː ˈdeɪli ˈkærid hiː wɑːz jet pəˈzest ʌv ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri streŋkθ ənd dekˈsterəti/
Line 4
He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.
Line 5
He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.
/hiː kʊd flɪŋ ə stoʊn frʌm wʌn bæŋk ʌv ðə roʊn tuː ðə ˈʌðər wer ɪt wɑːz tuː ˈhʌndrəd jɑːrdz waɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assassins noun US /əˈsæsənz/

plural of “assassin” — a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading “For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.”

Avignon noun US /ˈævɪnjɔːn/

a town in southeastern France on the Rhone River; the seat of the papacy from 1309 to 1378 and the residence of antipopes during the Great Schism

From this reading “For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.”

burdens noun US /ˈbɜːrdənz/

plural of “burden” — an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading “Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.”

dexterity noun US /dekˈsterəti/

adroitness in using the hands

From this reading “Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.”

fling verb US /flɪŋ/

throw with force or recklessness

From this reading “He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.”

hook verb US /hʊk/

fasten with a hook

From this reading “Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.”

Marseilles noun US /mɑːrˈsaɪləs/

a port city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean

From this reading “For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.”

Rhone noun US /roʊn/

a major French river; flows into the Mediterranean near Marseilles

From this reading “He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

48

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

assassinsnounUS /əˈsæsənz/

plural of “assassin” — a murderer (especially one who kills a prominent political figure) who kills by a surprise attack and often is hired to do the deed

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

AvignonnounUS /ˈævɪnjɔːn/

a town in southeastern France on the Rhone River; the seat of the papacy from 1309 to 1378 and the residence of antipopes during the Great Schism

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

ballnounUS /bɔːl/

round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

banknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

bentnounUS /bent/

a relatively permanent inclination to react in a particular way

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

bowedadjectiveUS /baʊd/

of a stringed instrument; sounded by stroking with a bow

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

burdensnounUS /ˈbɜːrdənz/

plural of “burden” — an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

dexteritynounUS /dekˈsterəti/

adroitness in using the hands

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

eagle-eyedadjective

capable of seeing to a great distance

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

Farges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

flingverbUS /flɪŋ/

throw with force or recklessness

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

heightnounUS /haɪt/

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

hookverbUS /hʊk/

fasten with a hook

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

ivorynounUS /ˈaɪvəri/

a hard smooth ivory colored dentine that makes up most of the tusks of elephants and walruses

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

legsnounUS /leɡz/

staying power

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

Loulle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

Magnan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

MarseillesnounUS /mɑːrˈsaɪləs/

a port city in southeastern France on the Mediterranean

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

namesnounUS /neɪmz/

verbal abuse; a crude substitute for argument

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

Naudaud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

Nimes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

nosenounUS /noʊz/

the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

olive-skinned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

Pointu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

poundverbUS /paʊnd/

hit hard with the hand, fist, or some heavy instrument

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

pressurenounUS /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

RhonenounUS /roʊn/

a major French river; flows into the Mediterranean near Marseilles

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

Roquefortnoun

French blue cheese

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

shudderedverbUS /ˈʃʌdərd/

past form of “shudder” — shake, as from cold

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

teethnounUS /tiːθ/

the kind and number and arrangement of teeth (collectively) in a person or animal

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

throwverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading He could throw over the Loulle gate a 48-pound cannon ball as easily as a child could throw its ball.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For some days Avignon had its assassins, as Marseilles had had them, and as Nimes was about to have them; for some days all Avignon shuddered at the names of five men--Pointu, Farges, Roquefort, Naudaud, and Magnan.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Pointu was a perfect type of the men of the South, olive-skinned and eagle-eyed, with a hook nose, and teeth of ivory.

yardsnounUS /jɑːrdz/

plural of “yard” — a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading He could fling a stone from one bank of the Rhone to the other where it was two hundred yards wide.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Although he was hardly above middle height, and his back was bent from bearing heavy burdens, his legs bowed by the pressure of the enormous masses which he daily carried, he was yet possessed of extraordinary strength and dexterity.

Chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815) by Alexandre Dumas holds 119 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815) contain?

Chapter 8 holds 119 sentences of Massacres of the South (1551-1815), unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815) by Alexandre Dumas exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 119 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Massacres of the South (1551-1815)?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Massacres of the South (1551-1815) by Alexandre Dumas on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 2852 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2743 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2743, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 237 minutes of reading across 571 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Massacres of the South (1551-1815)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Massacres of the South (1551-1815), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Possible
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Massacres of the South (1551-1815); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Reader
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Massacres of the South (1551-1815); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Massacres of the South (1551-1815); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Recollections
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Massacres of the South (1551-1815); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.