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Master and Man
Master and Man

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Master and Man is here in full — 173 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
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Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.
There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.
But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.
He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.
The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Master and Man

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Master and Man is here in full — 173 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in theseventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.
Line 2
There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.
Line 3
But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.
/bʌt wen ðə læst ʌv ðem hæd ɡɔːn hiː æt wʌns bɪˈɡæn tuː priˈper tuː draɪv ˈoʊvər tuː siː ə ˈneɪbərɪŋ prəˈpraɪətər əˈbaʊt ə ɡroʊv wɪtʃ hiː hæd bɪn ˈbɑːrɡɪnɪŋ ˈoʊvər fɔːr ə lɔːŋ taɪm/
Line 4
He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.
/hiː wɑːz naʊ ɪn ə ˈhɜːri tuː stɑːrt lest ˈbaɪərz frʌm ðə taʊn maɪt fɔːrˈstɔːl hɪm ɪn ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə ˈprɑːfətəbəl ˈpɜːrtʃəs/
Line 5
The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bargaining noun US /ˈbɑːrɡɪnɪŋ/

the negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement

From this reading “But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.”

buyers noun US /ˈbaɪərz/

plural of “buyer” — a person who buys

From this reading “He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.”

forestall verb US /fɔːrˈstɔːl/

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading “He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.”

Guild noun US /ɡɪld/

a formal association of people with similar interests

From this reading “There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.”

landowner noun US /ˈlændoʊnər/

a holder or proprietor of land

From this reading “The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.”

Nicholas's noun US /ˈnɪkələsɪz/

possessive form of “nicholas” — a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

rubles noun US /ˈruːbəlz/

plural of “ruble” — the basic unit of money in Tajikistan

From this reading “The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.”

seventies noun US /ˈsevəntiz/

the decade from 1970 to 1979

From this reading “Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.”

All words in this reading · 88

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

Andreevich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

askingnounUS /ˈæskɪŋ/

the verbal act of requesting

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

Aylmer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

bargainingnounUS /ˈbɑːrɡɪnɪŋ/

the negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

Brekhunov

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

buyersnounUS /ˈbaɪərz/

plural of “buyer” — a person who buys

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

entertainverbUS /ˌentərˈteɪn/

provide entertainment for

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

feteverbUS /feɪt/

have a celebration

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

forestallverbUS /fɔːrˈstɔːl/

keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

grovenounUS /ɡroʊv/

a small growth of trees without underbrush

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

GuildnounUS /ɡɪld/

a formal association of people with similar interests

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

hurrynounUS /ˈhɜːri/

a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

innkeepernounUS /ˈɪnkiːpər/

the owner or manager of an inn

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

landownernounUS /ˈlændoʊnər/

a holder or proprietor of land

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

lestconjunctionUS /lest/

in order that something should not happen

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

Louise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

Maude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

neighbouringverbUS /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

-ing form of “neighbour” — live or be located as a neighbor

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

Nicholas'snounUS /ˈnɪkələsɪz/

possessive form of “nicholas” — a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

offeringnounUS /ˈɔːfərɪŋ/

something offered (as a proposal or bid)

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

parishnounUS /ˈpærɪʃ/

a local church community

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

prepareverbUS /priˈper/

make ready or suitable or equip in advance for a particular purpose or for some use, event, etc

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

profitableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/

yielding material gain or profit

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

proprietornounUS /prəˈpraɪətər/

(law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

purchasenounUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəs/

the acquisition of something for payment

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

relativesnounUS /ˈrelətɪvz/

plural of “relative” — a person related by blood or marriage

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

rublesnounUS /ˈruːbəlz/

plural of “ruble” — the basic unit of money in Tajikistan

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

SecondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

sevennounUS /ˈsevən/

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

seventiesnounUS /ˈsevəntiz/

the decade from 1970 to 1979

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

simplyadverbUS /ˈsɪmpli/

and nothing more

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading He was now in a hurry to start, lest buyers from the town might forestall him in making a profitable purchase.

TranslatedverbUS /trænzˈleɪtɪd/

past form of “translate” — restate (words) from one language into another language

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

Vasili

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was a fete in the parish and the innkeeper, Vasili Andreevich Brekhunov, a Second Guild merchant, being a church elder had to go to church, and had also to entertain his relatives and friends at home.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading But when the last of them had gone he at once began to prepare to drive over to see a neighbouring proprietor about a grove which he had been bargaining over for a long time.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Translated by Louise and Aylmer Maude It happened in the ‘seventies in winter, on the day after St. Nicholas’s Day.

youthfuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːθfəl/

suggestive of youth; vigorous and fresh

From this reading The youthful landowner was asking ten thousand rubles for the grove simply because Vasili Andreevich was offering seven thousand.

Chapter 1 of Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 173 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Master and Man contain?

Chapter 1 holds 173 sentences of Master and Man, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 173 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Master and Man?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Master and Man

Common questions about reading Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Master and Man?

Yes. All 1084 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #986 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Master and Man is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #986, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Master and Man take to read?

About 90 minutes of reading across 217 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Master and Man section by section

How to work through Master and Man section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Master and Man to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Master and Man

Words and structures a reader meets early in Master and Man, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Aylmer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maude
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.