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Master and Man
Master and Man

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Master and Man is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.
Go on in front!’ he cried.
Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.
Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.
They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Master and Man

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Master and Man is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.
Line 2
Go on in front!’ he cried.
/ɡoʊ ɑːn ɪn frʌnt hiː kraɪd/
Line 3
Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.
Line 4
Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.
Line 5
They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.
/ðeɪ droʊv əˈɡen θruː ðə ˈaʊtskɜːrts ʌv ðə ˈvɪlədʒ ənd əˈlɔːŋ ðə seɪm roʊd pæst ðə jɑːrd wer ðə ˈfroʊzən ˈlɪnən hæd hʌŋ wɪtʃ ˌhaʊˈevər wɑːz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər tuː biː siːn pæst ðə seɪm bɑːrn wɪtʃ wɑːz naʊ snoʊd ʌp ˈɔːlmoʊst tuː ðə ruːf ənd frʌm wɪtʃ ðə snoʊ wɑːz stɪl ˈendləsli ˈpɔːrɪŋ pæst ðə seɪm ˈdɪzməli ˈmoʊnɪŋ ˈwɪslɪŋ ənd ˈsweɪɪŋ ˈwɪloʊz ənd əˈɡen ˈentərd ˈɪntuː ðə siː ʌv ˈblʌstərɪŋ snoʊ ˈreɪdʒɪŋ frʌm əˈbʌv ənd bɪˈloʊ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blustering adjective US /ˈblʌstərɪŋ/

blowing in violent and abrupt bursts

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

dismally adverb US /ˈdɪzməli/

in a cheerless manner

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

endlessly adverb US /ˈendləsli/

continuing forever without end

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

moaning verb US /ˈmoʊnɪŋ/

-ing form of “moan” — indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

outskirts noun US /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

sledge verb US /sledʒ/

transport in a sleigh

From this reading “V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.”

snowed verb US /snoʊd/

past form of “snow” — fall as snow

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

willows noun US /ˈwɪloʊz/

plural of “willow” — any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading “They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

aheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

Andreevich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

barnnounUS /bɑːrn/

an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

blusteringadjectiveUS /ˈblʌstərɪŋ/

blowing in violent and abrupt bursts

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

climbedverbUS /klaɪmd/

past form of “climb” — go upward with gradual or continuous progress

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading ‘Go on in front!’ he cried.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

dismallyadverbUS /ˈdɪzməli/

in a cheerless manner

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

drovenounUS /droʊv/

a group of animals (a herd or flock) moving together

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

endlesslyadverbUS /ˈendləsli/

continuing forever without end

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading ‘Go on in front!’ he cried.

frozenadjectiveUS /ˈfroʊzən/

turned into ice; affected by freezing or by long and severe cold

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

GoverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading ‘Go on in front!’ he cried.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ‘Go on in front!’ he cried.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

kneelingnounUS /ˈniːlɪŋ/

supporting yourself on your knees

From this reading Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.

linennounUS /ˈlɪnən/

a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.

marenounUS /mer/

female equine animal

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

moaningverbUS /ˈmoʊnɪŋ/

-ing form of “moan” — indicate pain, discomfort, or displeasure

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

Mukhorty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

neighing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ‘Go on in front!’ he cried.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

outskirtsnounUS /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

Petrushka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.

pouringadjectiveUS /ˈpɔːrɪŋ/

flowing profusely

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

ragingadjectiveUS /ˈreɪdʒɪŋ/

characterized by violent and forceful activity or movement; very intense

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

reinsnounUS /reɪnz/

plural of “rein” — one of a pair of long straps (usually connected to the bit or the headpiece) used to control a horse

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

roofnounUS /ruːf/

a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

scenting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

sledgeverbUS /sledʒ/

transport in a sleigh

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

snowedverbUS /snoʊd/

past form of “snow” — fall as snow

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Petrushka kneeling in his low sledge started his horse.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

swayingverbUS /ˈsweɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “sway” — move back and forth or sideways

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

VnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

Vasili

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

whistlingnounUS /ˈwɪslɪŋ/

the sound made by something moving rapidly or by steam coming out of a small aperture

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mukhorty, who had been neighing for some time past, now scenting a mare ahead of him started after her, and they drove out into the street.

willowsnounUS /ˈwɪloʊz/

plural of “willow” — any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading V Vasili Andreevich went over to his sledge, found it with difficulty in the darkness, climbed in and took the reins.

yardnounUS /jɑːrd/

a unit of length equal to 3 feet; defined as 91.44 centimeters; originally taken to be the average length of a stride

From this reading They drove again through the outskirts of the village and along the same road, past the yard where the frozen linen had hung (which, however, was no longer to be seen), past the same barn, which was now snowed up almost to the roof and from which the snow was still endlessly pouring past the same dismally moaning, whistling, and swaying willows, and again entered into the sea of blustering snow raging from above and below.

Chapter 4 of Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy holds 182 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Master and Man contain?

Chapter 4 holds 182 sentences of Master and Man, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 182 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Master and Man?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Master and Man

Common questions about reading Master and Man by Leo, graf Tolstoy on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Master and Man?

Yes. All 1084 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #986 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Master and Man is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #986, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Master and Man take to read?

About 90 minutes of reading across 217 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Master and Man section by section

How to work through Master and Man section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Master and Man to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Master and Man

Words and structures a reader meets early in Master and Man, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Translated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Louise
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Aylmer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Maude
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Master and Man; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.