Chapter V

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

put in effect

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

-ing form of “appreciate” — recognize with gratitude; be grateful for

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

past form of “apprise” — inform (somebody) of something

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

make certain of

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

take revenge for a perceived wrong

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the two together, not just one

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

king of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor; conqueror of the Lombards and Saxons (742-814)

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

plural of “consequence” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

brought to completion

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a person who carries a message

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

without deviation

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

one or the other of two

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

past form of “expedite” — speed up the progress of; facilitate

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a social unit living together

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

bringing death

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

from this time forth; from now on

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

a married man; a woman's partner in marriage

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

not in a forthright manner

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a state of extreme dishonor

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

engage in

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

a person who carries a message

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

plural of “murderer” — a criminal who commits homicide (who performs the unlawful premeditated killing of another human being)

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

not any; not one

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

communicate vividly

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

the underside of footwear or a golf club

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

From this reading I shall from this day henceforth regard the carrying out of this project a solemn duty.”

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

comparatives of “soon” or “early”

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger:

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

express in words

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading “Go tell thy master that to avenge my husband is now my sole desire; that to accomplish this end I should sacrifice my family, my fortune and my life.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading In the meantime the Duke d’Aymon and his sons, appreciating the fatal consequences of a war to both parties, besought the Duchess d’Aigremont to allow them to go to Charlemagne and make an appeal to him for satisfaction for the injury done the family.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Charlemagne had no sooner been apprised by Ganelon of the misfortune to the Duke de Beuves d’Aigremont, then he expedited a courier to the duchess to assure her of his profound regret, and above all to give her to understand that, although for sufficient reasons he had granted grace to the murderers, it was not by his means, either directly or indirectly, that the infamy was consummated.

during the time that

From this reading The duchess, however, while appreciating the step of the emperor, said to the messenger: