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Mediaeval Tales
Mediaeval Tales

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales is here in full — 16 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.
He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."
And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.
The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.
Thus was the whole land soon subdued.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mediaeval Tales

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales is here in full — 16 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.
Line 2
He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."
Line 3
And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.
Line 4
The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.
/ðə riˈpɔːrt ʌv ðɪs ˈmɪrəkəl ˌɪnˈduːst ɔːl ðer ˈkʌntrimɪn tuː sərˈendər ðer ˈsɪtiz ənd kənˈsent tuː peɪ ˈtrɪbjuːt tuː ðə ˈempərər/
Line 5
Thus was the whole land soon subdued.
/ðʌs wɑːz ðə hoʊl lænd suːn səbˈduːd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

baptized adjective US /bæpˈtaɪzd/

having undergone the Christian ritual of baptism

From this reading “And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.”

besieged adjective US /bɪˈsiːdʒd/

surrounded by hostile forces

From this reading “_Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.”

countrymen noun US /ˈkʌntrimɪn/

plural of “countryman” — a man from your own country

From this reading “The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.”

invested verb US /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading “_Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.”

invincible adjective US /ˌɪnˈvɪnsəbəl/

incapable of being overcome or subdued

From this reading “_Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.”

petition noun US /pəˈtɪʃən/

a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority

From this reading “And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.”

Saracens noun US /ˈserəsənz/

plural of “saracen” — (historically) a member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire

From this reading “And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.”

tribute noun US /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading “The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

appearverbUS /əˈpɪr/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

baptizedadjectiveUS /bæpˈtaɪzd/

having undergone the Christian ritual of baptism

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

besiegedadjectiveUS /bɪˈsiːdʒd/

surrounded by hostile forces

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

blessedadjectiveUS /blest/

highly favored or fortunate (as e.g. by divine grace)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

citiesnounUS /ˈsɪtiz/

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

consentnounUS /kənˈsent/

permission to do something

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

consentedverbUS /kənˈsentɪd/

past form of “consent” — give an affirmative reply to; respond favorably to

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

countrymennounUS /ˈkʌntrimɪn/

plural of “countryman” — a man from your own country

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

deliververbUS /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

didstauxiliary verbUS /dɪdst/

an old form of “did”, used with “thou”

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

faithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

glory's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

hearkening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

investedverbUS /ˌɪnˈvestəd/

past form of “invest” — make an investment

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

invincibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɪnsəbəl/

incapable of being overcome or subdued

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

JesusnounUS /ˈdʒiːzəs/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Thus was the whole land soon subdued.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

miraclenounUS /ˈmɪrəkəl/

any amazing or wonderful occurrence

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

Pagans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

Pampeluna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

petitionnounUS /pəˈtɪʃən/

a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

putverbUS /pʊt/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

SaracensnounUS /ˈserəsənz/

plural of “saracen” — (historically) a member of the nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian deserts at the time of the Roman Empire

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Thus was the whole land soon subdued.

sparedverbUS /sperd/

past form of “spare” — refrain from harming

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

subduedadjectiveUS /səbˈduːd/

in a softened tone

From this reading Thus was the whole land soon subdued.

surrendernounUS /sərˈendər/

acceptance of despair

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus was the whole land soon subdued.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

tributenounUS /ˈtrɪbjuːt/

something given or done as an expression of esteem

From this reading The report of this miracle induced all their countrymen to surrender their cities, and consent to pay tribute to the Emperor.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading And now God and St. James, hearkening to his petition, the walls utterly fell to the ground of themselves; but Charles spared the lives of the Saracens that consented to be baptized; the rest he put to the edge of the sword.

WallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Of the Walls of Pampeluna, that fell of themselves._ The first city Charles besieged was Pampeluna; he invested it three months, but was not able to take it, through the invincible strength of the walls.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Thus was the whole land soon subdued.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading He then made this prayer to God: "O Lord Jesus Christ, for whose faith I am come hither to fight the Pagans; for thy glory's sake deliver this city into my hands; and O blessed St. James, if thou didst indeed appear to me, help me to take it."

Chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales by Henry [Editor] Morley holds 16 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales contain?

Chapter 2 holds 16 sentences of Mediaeval Tales, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales by Henry [Editor] Morley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 16 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Mediaeval Tales?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mediaeval Tales

Common questions about reading Mediaeval Tales by Henry [Editor] Morley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mediaeval Tales?

Yes. All 2984 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #28094 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mediaeval Tales is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #28094, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mediaeval Tales take to read?

About 248 minutes of reading across 597 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mediaeval Tales section by section

How to work through Mediaeval Tales section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Mediaeval Tales to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Mediaeval Tales

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mediaeval Tales, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mediaeval Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mediaeval Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Routledge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mediaeval Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dutton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mediaeval Tales; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.