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Mediaeval Tales
Mediaeval Tales

Chapter V

Cover illustration for Mediaeval Tales
Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.
But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.
Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.
The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.
_Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mediaeval Tales

Chapter V

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.
Line 2
But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.
Line 3
Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.
Line 4
The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.
Line 5
_Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

About preposition US /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading “Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.”

After preposition US /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading “Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “_Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.”

Every determiner US /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading “The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.”

Found noun US /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.”

Part noun US /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.”

Therefore adverb US /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading “Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.”

Through noun US /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “_Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “_Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.”

Would modal verb US /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading “_Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.”

All words in this reading · 124

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

Algarve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Argolander

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Argolander's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

army

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

attack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

back

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

bark

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

battering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

battle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

branches

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

Bugia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

called

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

came

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Carenton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

castle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

certain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

Charles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Christians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

City

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

conqueror's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

covered

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

crown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

dominion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

enemies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

escape

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

eve

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

fight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

fixed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

fled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

Flight

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

forced

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

foundnounUS /found/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

grew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

ground

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

head

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

horse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

infantry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

invested

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

King's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

Kings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

likewise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

loss

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

many

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

martyrdom

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From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

meadows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

men

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

morrow

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

multitude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

namely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

Pampeluna

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

partnounUS /part/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

passes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

perished

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From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

placing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

pursuing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Pyrenees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

rams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

ready

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

receive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

refused

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

resolving

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

restore

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

reward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

Saracens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

sent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

slain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

slaying

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

slew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

Spears

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

stay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

summoned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

Taleburg

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

thousand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those therefore that were to receive the crown of martyrdom perished in the fight, after slaying a multitude of the Saracens, namely, about four thousand men.

throughnounUS /ˈthrough/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

valiantly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

Warriors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The King's horse was likewise slain under him, but valiantly placing himself at the head of his infantry, he slew so many of his enemies that they were forced back into the city, which Charles invested on every side but the river, through which Argolander made his escape, with the loss of the Kings of Algarve and Bugia, and about four thousand of his army.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But on the eve of battle, when the battering rams were ready to attack the castle in the meadows, called Taleburg, and that part of the city near the river Carenton, certain of the Christians fixed their spears in the ground before the castle, and on the morrow found them covered with bark and branches.

word

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading _Of Argolander's Flight, and of the King's Warriors._ Argolander fled beyond the passes of the Pyrenees, and came to Pampeluna, where he sent Charles word he would stay for him.

Xaintonge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Of the City of Xaintonge, where the Spears grew._ Argolander now came to Xaintonge, at that time under the dominion of the Saracens; but Charles pursuing him, summoned him to restore the city, which Argolander refused, resolving first to fight, and that it should be the conqueror's reward.