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Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin
Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin is here in full — 372 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin
Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.
MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.
FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin is here in full — 372 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.
/ˈrɪtən baɪ hɪmˈself/
Line 2
MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.
/moʊst ˈɪntrəstɪŋ eˈseɪz ˈletərz ənd ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs ˈraɪtɪŋz fəˈmɪljər ˈmɔːrəl pəˈlɪtəkəl ˌekəˈnɑːmɪkəl ənd ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkəl/
Line 3
FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.
/frʌm ɔːl hɪz ˈpʌblɪʃt prəˈdʌkʃənz ənd kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ ˌwʌˈtevər ɪz moʊst ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ ənd ˈvæljəbəl tuː ðə ˈdʒenərəl ˈriːdər/
Line 4
IN TWO VOLUMES.
/ɪn tuː ˈvɑːljuːmz/
Line 5
Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Clerk's noun US /klɜːrks/

possessive form of “clerk” — an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading “Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.”

comprising verb US /kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading “FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.”

economical adjective US /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪkəl/

using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

From this reading “MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.”

essays noun US /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading “MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.”

Harper noun US /ˈhɑːrpər/

someone who plays the harp

From this reading “Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.”

miscellaneous adjective US /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading “MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.”

philosophical adjective US /ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkəl/

of or relating to philosophy or philosophers

From this reading “MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.”

productions noun US /prəˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “production” — the act or process of producing something

From this reading “FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

MOST INTERESTING adverb + adjective

In this reading “MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.”

MOST ENTERTAINING adverb + adjective

In this reading “FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.”

GENERAL READER adjective + noun

In this reading “FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.”

TWO VOLUMES noun + noun counted as “two volume”

In this reading “IN TWO VOLUMES.”

Act of verb + particle

In this reading “Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.”

in the year preposition + article + noun counted as “in … year”

In this reading “Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.”

All words in this reading · 46

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1839

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

ActverbUS /ækt/

perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

ALLadjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

BrothersnounUS /ˈbrʌðərz/

plural of “brother” — a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.

Clerk'snounUS /klɜːrks/

possessive form of “clerk” — an employee who performs clerical work (e.g., keeps records or accounts)

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

COMPRISINGverbUS /kəmˈpraɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “comprise” — be composed of

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

DistrictnounUS /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

ECONOMICALadjectiveUS /ˌekəˈnɑːmɪkəl/

using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

EnteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

ENTERTAININGadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnɪŋ/

agreeably diverting

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

ESSAYSnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

FAMILIARadjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

HarpernounUS /ˈhɑːrpər/

someone who plays the harp

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

HIMSELFpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN TWO VOLUMES.

INTERESTINGadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

LETTERSnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

MISCELLANEOUSadjectiveUS /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

MORALadjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

MOSTadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

New-York

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

OfficenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

PHILOSOPHICALadjectiveUS /ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkəl/

of or relating to philosophy or philosophers

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

POLITICALadjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

PRODUCTIONSnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “production” — the act or process of producing something

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

PUBLISHEDadjectiveUS /ˈpʌblɪʃt/

prepared and printed for distribution and sale

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

READERnounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

SouthernadjectiveUS /ˈsʌðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States south of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

TWOnounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading IN TWO VOLUMES.

VALUABLEadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

VOLUMESnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading IN TWO VOLUMES.

WHATEVERdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading FROM ALL HIS PUBLISHED PRODUCTIONS, AND COMPRISING WHATEVER IS MOST ENTERTAINING AND VALUABLE TO THE GENERAL READER.

WRITINGSnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋz/

the third of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures

From this reading MOST INTERESTING ESSAYS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS WRITINGS; FAMILIAR, MORAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMICAL, AND PHILOSOPHICAL.

WRITTENadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading WRITTEN BY HIMSELF.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1839, by Harper & Brothers, In the Clerk's Office of the Southern District of New-York.

Chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin holds 372 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin contain?

Chapter 1 holds 372 sentences of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 372 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin

Common questions about reading Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin by Benjamin Franklin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin?

Yes. All 2985 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #40236 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #40236, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin take to read?

About 248 minutes of reading across 597 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin section by section

How to work through Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin

Words and structures a reader meets early in Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Himself
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Interesting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essays
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.