Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Memorials of the Sea
Memorials of the Sea

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Memorials of the Sea
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.
SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.
This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.
My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.
The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Memorials of the Sea

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.
/ˈfɜːrðər ˈentərpraɪzɪz ˈdʒenərəl rɪˈzʌlts/
Line 2
SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.
Line 3
This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.
/ðɪs wɑːz ðə miːnz ʌv ɪˈlɪsətɪŋ ɪn rɪˈspekt tuː ˈsevrəl ˈdʒentəlmɪn wɪð huːm aɪ hæd ˈɪntərkɔːrs ə strɔːŋ ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən tuː emˈbɑːrk ɪn ðɪs tuː ðem nuː dɪˈpɑːrtmənt ʌv kəˈmɜːrʃəl ˈentərpraɪz/
Line 4
My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.
/maɪ ˈfɑːðər æt ðɪs ˈveri taɪm ˈbiːɪŋ ɑːn ðə pɔɪnt ʌv rɪˈtaɪrɪŋ frʌm ðə kəˈmænd ʌv ðə ˌrezəˈluːʃən wɑːz ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd ʌv ðə ˈsɜːrkəmstæns wɪtʃ ˈspiːdəli led tuː hɪz ˈfɔːrmɪŋ ə nuː ənd ˌsætəˈsfæktri kəˈnekʃən wɪð sʌm ʌv ðə fɜːrst men ɪn ˈkerɪktər ənd pəˈzɪʃən ɪn ðæt ˈentərpraɪzɪŋ pɔːrt/
Line 5
The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm ofThe Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

associates noun US /əˈsoʊsiəts/

plural of “associate” — a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor

From this reading “The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.””

constituted adjective US /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading “The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.””

eliciting verb US /ɪˈlɪsətɪŋ/

-ing form of “elicit” — call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading “This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.”

embark verb US /emˈbɑːrk/

go on board

From this reading “This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.”

enterprises noun US /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading “FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.”

enterprising adjective US /ˈentərpraɪzɪŋ/

marked by imagination, initiative, and readiness to undertake new projects

From this reading “My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.”

retiring adjective US /rɪˈtaɪrɪŋ/

not arrogant or presuming

From this reading “My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.”

Robertson noun US /ˈrɑːbərtsən/

United States basketball guard (born in 1938)

From this reading “The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.””

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

commercial enterprise adjective + noun

an enterprise connected with commerce

In this reading “This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.”

embark in verb + particle

In this reading “This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.”

on the point preposition + article + noun counted as “on … point”

In this reading “My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.”

GENERAL RESULTS adjective + noun counted as “general result”

In this reading “FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.”

In the summer preposition + article + noun counted as “in … summer”

In this reading “SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.”

experience in verb + particle

In this reading “SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.”

in respect preposition + noun

In this reading “This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.”

All words in this reading · 102

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1810

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

associatesnounUS /əˈsoʊsiəts/

plural of “associate” — a person who joins with others in some activity or endeavor

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

commandnounUS /kəˈmænd/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

constitutedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

conversationnounUS /ˌkɑːnvərˈseɪʃən/

the use of speech for informal exchange of views or ideas or information etc.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

departmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

dispositionnounUS /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

your usual mood

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

elicitingverbUS /ɪˈlɪsətɪŋ/

-ing form of “elicit” — call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

embarkverbUS /emˈbɑːrk/

go on board

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

enterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

ENTERPRISESnounUS /ˈentərpraɪzɪz/

plural of “enterprise” — a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.

enterprisingadjectiveUS /ˈentərpraɪzɪŋ/

marked by imagination, initiative, and readiness to undertake new projects

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

Esquires

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

FathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

firmadjectiveUS /fɜːrm/

marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

formingverbUS /ˈfɔːrmɪŋ/

-ing form of “form” — create (as an entity)

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

Forsyth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

FURTHERadverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.

GENERALadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

GeorgenounUS /dʒɔːrdʒ/

Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

Greenock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

Hyde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

informedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrmd/

having much knowledge or education

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

Messrs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

one-fourthnoun

one of four equal parts

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

originallyadverbUS /ərˈɪdʒənəli/

in an original manner

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

portnounUS /pɔːrt/

a place (seaport or airport) where people and merchandise can enter or leave a country

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

recreative

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

ResolutionnounUS /ˌrezəˈluːʃən/

a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

RESULTSnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading FURTHER ENTERPRISES: GENERAL RESULTS.

retiringadjectiveUS /rɪˈtaɪrɪŋ/

not arrogant or presuming

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

RobertsonnounUS /ˈrɑːbərtsən/

United States basketball guard (born in 1938)

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

satisfactoryadjectiveUS /ˌsætəˈsfæktri/

giving satisfaction

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

SECTIONnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

sharesnounUS /ʃerz/

plural of “share” — assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

speedilyadverbUS /ˈspiːdəli/

with speed

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

topicnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

tournounUS /tʊr/

a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

whale-fishery

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

Whale-fishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading My Father, at this very time, being on the point of retiring from the command of the Resolution, was informed of the circumstance, which speedily led to his forming a new and satisfactory connection with some of the first men, in character and position, in that enterprising port.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading SECTION I.—_The Greenock Whale-fishing Company._ In the summer of 1810, whilst I was on a recreative tour in Scotland, and visiting at the house of a merchant in Greenock, my adventures and experience in the northern whale-fishery became a frequent topic of conversation.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The associates, originally, were, I believe, George Robertson and William Forsyth (of the house of Messrs. Robertson, Forsyth, and Co.), and David Hyde, Esquires, who, with my Father, each holding equal, or one-fourth shares, constituted the new firm of “The Greenock Whale-fishing Company.”

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This was the means of eliciting, in respect to several gentlemen with whom I had intercourse, a strong disposition to embark in this, to them, _new_ department of commercial enterprise.

Chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea by William Scoresby holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea contain?

Chapter 8 holds 158 sentences of Memorials of the Sea, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea by William Scoresby exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Memorials of the Sea?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Memorials of the Sea

Common questions about reading Memorials of the Sea by William Scoresby on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Memorials of the Sea?

Yes. All 1590 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35183 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Memorials of the Sea is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35183, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Memorials of the Sea take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Memorials of the Sea section by section

How to work through Memorials of the Sea section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Memorials of the Sea to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Memorials of the Sea

Words and structures a reader meets early in Memorials of the Sea, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Continued
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memorials of the Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prosperity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memorials of the Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Results
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memorials of the Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Comparatively
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memorials of the Sea; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.