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Memories of Old Montana
Memories of Old Montana

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana is here in full — 283 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.
He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.
Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.
We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.
Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Memories of Old Montana

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana is here in full — 283 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.
Line 2
He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.
/hiː wɑːz naɪt ˈhɜːrdɪŋ biːf ˈkætəl ɑːn ðə ˈdʒuːdəθ ˈbeɪsən ənd ˈmɑːkəsɪn reɪndʒ ˈraʊndʌp/
Line 3
Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.
Line 4
We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.
Line 5
Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bosses noun US /ˈbɔːsɪz/

plural of “boss” — a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading “Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.”

cowboy noun US /ˈkaʊbɔɪ/

a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading “Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.”

herding verb US /ˈhɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “herd” — cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading “He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.”

Moccasin noun US /ˈmɑːkəsɪn/

soft leather shoe; originally worn by Native Americans

From this reading “He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.”

roping noun US /ˈroʊpɪŋ/

capturing cattle or horses with a lasso

From this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

roundup noun US /ˈraʊndʌp/

the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold

From this reading “He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.”

stampeding verb US /stæmˈpiːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “stampede” — cause to run in panic

From this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

steers noun US /stɪrz/

plural of “steer” — an indication of potential opportunity

From this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

cut out verb + adjective

delete or remove

In this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

first day adjective + noun

In this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

great care adjective + noun

more attention and consideration than is normally bestowed by prudent persons

In this reading “Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

15th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

1888

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

BasinnounUS /ˈbeɪsən/

a bowl-shaped vessel; usually used for holding food or liquids

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

beefnounUS /biːf/

cattle that are reared for their meat

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

bossesnounUS /ˈbɔːsɪz/

plural of “boss” — a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

caughtverbUS /kɑːt/

inflected form of “catch” — discover or come upon accidentally, suddenly, or unexpectedly; catch somebody doing something or in a certain state

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

CHARLIE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

cowboynounUS /ˈkaʊbɔɪ/

a hired hand who tends cattle and performs other duties on horseback

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

cowmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

drivingadjectiveUS /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

having the power of driving or impelling

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

fatadjectiveUS /fæt/

having an (over)abundance of flesh

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

firedadjectiveUS /ˈfaɪərd/

having lost your job

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

fleshnounUS /fleʃ/

the soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate: mainly muscle tissue and fat

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

gainverbUS /ɡeɪn/

obtain

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

gatheringnounUS /ˈɡæðərɪŋ/

a group of persons together in one place

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

handleverbUS /ˈhændəl/

be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

handledadjectiveUS /ˈhændəld/

having a usually specified type of handle

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

herdnounUS /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

herdingverbUS /ˈhɜːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “herd” — cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

jobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

JudithnounUS /ˈdʒuːdəθ/

Jewish heroine in one of the books of the Apocrypha; she saved her people by decapitating the Assyrian general Holofernes

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

MEMORIESnounUS /ˈmɛm.ə.riz/

Recollections of past events.

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

MoccasinnounUS /ˈmɑːkəsɪn/

soft leather shoe; originally worn by Native Americans

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

modestadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəst/

marked by simplicity; having a humble opinion of yourself

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

railroadnounUS /ˈreɪlroʊd/

line that is the commercial organization responsible for operating a system of transportation for trains that pull passengers or freight

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

RangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

responsibleadjectiveUS /riˈspɑːnsəbəl/

worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

ropingnounUS /ˈroʊpɪŋ/

capturing cattle or horses with a lasso

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

roundupnounUS /ˈraʊndʌp/

the activity of gathering livestock together so that they can be counted or branded or sold

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

RUSSELLnounUS /ˈrʌsəl/

United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

stampedingverbUS /stæmˈpiːdɪŋ/

-ing form of “stampede” — cause to run in panic

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

steersnounUS /stɪrz/

plural of “steer” — an indication of potential opportunity

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

supposedadjectiveUS /səˈpoʊzd/

required or under orders

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was night herding beef cattle on the Judith Basin and Moccasin Range roundup.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We usually started the fall roundup about the first of September and the gathering and driving to the railroad sometimes took until the 15th of November.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Charlie was very modest and never claimed to be a great cowboy, but I noticed the bosses always gave him a very responsible job, as the cowmen of those days were very particular how the beef cattle were handled.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Now from the first day we worked the range, we cut out some steers fat enough for beef, and those cattle were under constant herd night and day, and the men were supposed to handle those cattle so they would gain in flesh while we were holding them—and any cowboy caught running or roping those steers was fired at once—and great care was taken to keep the cattle from stampeding.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading MEMORIES OF CHARLIE RUSSELL I first met Charlie Russell in the fall of the year 1888.

Chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana by Con Price holds 283 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana contain?

Chapter 20 holds 283 sentences of Memories of Old Montana, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana by Con Price exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 283 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Memories of Old Montana?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Memories of Old Montana

Common questions about reading Memories of Old Montana by Con Price on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Memories of Old Montana?

Yes. All 2190 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #56016 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Memories of Old Montana is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #56016, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Memories of Old Montana take to read?

About 182 minutes of reading across 438 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Memories of Old Montana section by section

How to work through Memories of Old Montana section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Memories of Old Montana to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Memories of Old Montana

Words and structures a reader meets early in Memories of Old Montana, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Deluxe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memories of Old Montana; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memories of Old Montana; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Copies
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memories of Old Montana; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Numbered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Memories of Old Montana; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.