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Men of Mawm
Men of Mawm

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Men of Mawm is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.
To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.
Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.
Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.
Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Men of Mawm

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Men of Mawm is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.
Line 2
To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.
/tuː wɑːtʃ ðə ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ɪkˈspreʃən ɑːn ðə ˈwʊmənz feɪs juː wʊd hæv sed ðæt ˈtendərnəs ənd kənˈtempt wɜːr ˈstraɪvɪŋ fɔːr ðə ˈmæstəri ɑːn ðə ˈbætəlfiːld ʌv hɜːr soʊl ənd ðæt ðə ˈɪʃuː wɑːz ənˈsɜːrtən/
Line 3
Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.
Line 4
Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.
/ten jɪrz ˈleɪtər ðə ˈɡrændmʌðər ˈriːsəntli ˈwɪdoʊd hæd kʌm tuː ʃer ðə hoʊm ənd ðə ˈɪnkʌm ənd tuː æd tuː ðə ɡɜːrlz ˈtraɪəlz/
Line 5
Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

angular adjective US /ˈæŋɡjələr/

measured by an angle or by the rate of change of an angle

From this reading “Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.”

battlefield noun US /ˈbætəlfiːld/

a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought

From this reading “To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.”

fashioning noun US /ˈfæʃənɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading “Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.”

Jagger noun US /ˈdʒæɡər/

English rock star (born in 1943)

From this reading “IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.”

masterful adjective US /ˈmæstərfəl/

having or revealing supreme mastery or skill

From this reading “Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.”

unfettered adjective US /ənˈfetərd/

not bound by shackles and chains

From this reading “Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.”

unloaded adjective US /ənˈloʊdɪd/

(of weapons) not charged with ammunition

From this reading “Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.”

widowed adjective US /ˈwɪdoʊd/

single because of death of the spouse

From this reading “Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Ten years noun + noun

In this reading “Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.”

THREE hours noun + noun

In this reading “IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.”

changing expression adjective + noun

In this reading “To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.”

on the battlefield preposition + article + noun counted as “on … battlefield”

In this reading “To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.”

at an age preposition + article + noun counted as “at … age”

In this reading “Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.”

All words in this reading · 100

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

angularadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡjələr/

measured by an angle or by the rate of change of an angle

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

battlefieldnounUS /ˈbætəlfiːld/

a region where a battle is being (or has been) fought

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

bendverbUS /bend/

form a curve

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

changingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

marked by continuous change or effective action

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

contemptnounUS /kənˈtempt/

lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

ENTERSverbUS /ˈentərz/

third-person singular of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

fashioningnounUS /ˈfæʃənɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

girl'snounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

possessive form of “girl” — a young female

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

grandmothernounUS /ˈɡrændmʌðər/

the mother of your father or mother

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

Grannienoun

the mother of your father or mother

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

Hannah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

incomenounUS /ˈɪnkʌm/

the financial gain (earned or unearned) accruing over a given period of time

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

issueverbUS /ˈɪʃuː/

prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

JaggernounUS /ˈdʒæɡər/

English rock star (born in 1943)

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

leading-strings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

masterfuladjectiveUS /ˈmæstərfəl/

having or revealing supreme mastery or skill

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

masterynounUS /ˈmæstəri/

great skillfulness and knowledge of some subject or activity

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

NaturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

outlinenounUS /ˈaʊtlaɪn/

the line that appears to bound an object

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

painsnounUS /peɪnz/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

pinchedadjectiveUS /pɪntʃt/

sounding as if the nose were pinched

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

recentlyadverbUS /ˈriːsəntli/

in the recent past

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

responsibilitynounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

SERPENTnounUS /ˈsɜːrpənt/

limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

seventy-fiveadjectiveUS /ˈsevəntifaɪv/

being five more than seventy

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

shareverbUS /ʃer/

have in common

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

shouldersnounUS /ˈʃoʊldərz/

plural of “shoulder” — the part of the body between the neck and the upper arm

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

strivingnounUS /ˈstraɪvɪŋ/

an effortful attempt to attain a goal

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

TennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

tendernessnounUS /ˈtendərnəs/

a tendency to express warm and affectionate feeling

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

thirtynounUS /ˈθɜːrdiː/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and three

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

THREEnounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

trialsnounUS /ˈtraɪəlz/

plural of “trial” — the act of testing something

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

twenty-fouradjectiveUS /ˈtwentifɔːr/

being four more than twenty

From this reading Grannie was masterful; but Hannah was mistress and had no mind at twenty-four to bend her neck to the authority of seventy-five.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

unfetteredadjectiveUS /ənˈfetərd/

not bound by shackles and chains

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

unloadedadjectiveUS /ənˈloʊdɪd/

(of weapons) not charged with ammunition

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

WHICHpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

widowedadjectiveUS /ˈwɪdoʊd/

single because of death of the spouse

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

WOMANnounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading IN WHICH THE WOMAN ENTERS WITH THE SERPENT THREE hours later Hannah and Jagger were alone, but for a while neither of them had much to say.

woman'snounUS /ˈwʊmənz/

possessive form of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading Hannah was only thirty but Nature had taken little pains in her fashioning, leaving her angular in outline and pinched in features; and responsibility had unloaded its burden on her shoulders at an age when most girls are unfettered or at worst in leading-strings, for the mother had died when Hannah was fourteen.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Ten years later the grandmother, recently widowed, had come to share the home and the income and to add to the girl’s trials.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading To watch the changing expression on the woman’s face you would have said that tenderness and contempt were striving for the mastery on the battlefield of her soul and that the issue was uncertain.

Chapter 4 of Men of Mawm by W. (William) Riley holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Men of Mawm contain?

Chapter 4 holds 158 sentences of Men of Mawm, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Men of Mawm by W. (William) Riley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Men of Mawm?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Men of Mawm

Common questions about reading Men of Mawm by W. (William) Riley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Men of Mawm?

Yes. All 4630 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #50369 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Men of Mawm is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #50369, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Men of Mawm take to read?

About 385 minutes of reading across 926 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Men of Mawm section by section

How to work through Men of Mawm section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Men of Mawm to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Men of Mawm

Words and structures a reader meets early in Men of Mawm, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Men of Mawm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Space
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Men of Mawm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Riley
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Men of Mawm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Forsook
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Men of Mawm; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.