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Middlemarch
Middlemarch

Chapter XXIII

Cover illustration for Middlemarch
Context Illustration Reading 1/64 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.
No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.
So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.
It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.
Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Middlemarch

Chapter XXIII

Reading 1/64 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.
Line 2
No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.
Line 3
So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.
Line 4
It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.
Line 5
Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Again noun US /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Art auxiliary verb US /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading “No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.”

Before preposition US /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Half noun US /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Having auxiliary verb US /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Himself pronoun US /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.”

Make noun US /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.”

Must modal verb US /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading “No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.”

Never noun US /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.”

Over preposition US /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Thinking noun US /thinking/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Thought noun US /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Under preposition US /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

Went noun US /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

againnounUS /again/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

all

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

Brooke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

discussion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

Downward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

earth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

effect

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

elements

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

eye

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

flower

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

fostering

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

gain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

halfnounUS /half/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

happened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

harnessed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

heaven's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

highest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

hour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

irritation

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

Ladislaw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

love

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

loved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

Lydgate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

makenounUS /make/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

Middlemarch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

Mr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

native

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

nevernounUS /never/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

new

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

night

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

own

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

rooms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

root

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

Saturday

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

settled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

Shapen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

sit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

sky

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

spot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

spring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

Springs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

thinkingnounUS /thinking/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

thoughtnounUS /thought/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

true

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

truest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

up

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

upward

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So in heaven’s spot and hour Springs the little native flower, Downward root and upward eye, Shapen by the earth and sky.

vain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

Wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Was never true love loved in vain, For truest love is highest gain.

wentnounUS /went/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Its effect when he went to his own rooms was to make him sit up half the night, thinking over again, under a new irritation, all that he had before thought of his having settled in Middlemarch and harnessed himself with Mr. Brooke.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading No art can make it: it must spring Where elements are fostering.

Willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It happened to be on a Saturday evening that Will Ladislaw had that little discussion with Lydgate.