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Mingo, and Other Sketches in Black and White
Mingo, and Other Sketches in Black and White

Chapter I

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Context Illustration Reading 1/95 · 5 lines
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IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.
I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.
The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.
Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.
The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mingo, and Other Sketches in Black and White

Chapter I

Reading 1/95 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.
Line 2
I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.
Line 3
The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.
Line 4
Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.
Line 5
The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Ancient adjective US /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.”

Even noun US /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.”

Everything pronoun US /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Hand noun US /hand/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Have auxiliary verb US /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.”

Little noun US /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.”

Mysterious adjective US /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading “Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.”

Partly noun US /partly/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.”

Remained noun US /ˈremained/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Right noun US /right/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Same noun US /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Seemed noun US /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

Upon preposition US /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1876

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

accidental

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

amazed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

brief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

building

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

changes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

Church

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

circumstances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

Creek

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

Crooked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

darkness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

distinguishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

EvennounUS /even/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

feature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

feebleness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

few

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

Georgia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

grey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

grown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

hand

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

heavily

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

imposing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

interpretations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

laid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

larger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

led

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

less

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

littlenounUS /little/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

massive

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

Middle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

difficult to explain or understand

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

oaks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

partly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

physical

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

preacher

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

problems

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

pulpit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

rafters

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

ranged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

remainednounUS /ˈremained/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

revisit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

rightnounUS /right/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

Rockville

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

roundabout

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

samenounUS /same/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

seemednounUS /seemed/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

sentimental

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

shrunk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even the building seemed to have shrunk: the pulpit was less massive and imposing, the darkness beyond the rafters less mysterious.

taken

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

theology

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The ancient oaks ranged roundabout remained the same, but upon everything else time had laid its hand right heavily.

vigour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The preacher had grown grey, and feebleness had taken the place of that physical vigour which was the distinguishing feature of his interpretations of the larger problems of theology.

village

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN 1876, circumstances, partly accidental and partly sentimental, led me to revisit Crooked Creek Church, near the little village of Rockville, in Middle Georgia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

wrought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.

years

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I was amazed at the changes which a few brief years had wrought.