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Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)
Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter V · Master Walter

Chapter V of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), “Master Walter,” is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.
The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.
The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.
I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.
If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter V · Master Walter

Chapter V of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), “Master Walter,” is here in full — 74 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.
Line 2
The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.
Line 3
The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.
Line 4
I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.
/aɪ duː nɑːt seɪ ðæt ðeɪ ɪkˈspektəd noʊ riˈpeɪmənt ðer ruːl wɑːz pəˈtɜːrnəl ənd ðeɪ lʊkt fɔːr ˈsʌmθɪŋ laɪk ˈfɪliəl oʊˈbiːdiəns ɪn rɪˈtɜːrn/
Line 5
If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abject adjective US /ˈæbdʒekt/

of the most contemptible kind

From this reading “The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.”

billiards noun US /ˈbɪljərdz/

any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls

From this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.”

efficiency noun US /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

the ratio of the output to the input of any system

From this reading “If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.”

filial adjective US /ˈfɪliəl/

designating the generation or the sequence of generations following the parental generation

From this reading “I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.”

pastime noun US /ˈpæstaɪm/

a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)

From this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

repayment noun US /riˈpeɪmənt/

the act of returning money received previously

From this reading “I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.”

villager noun US /ˈvɪlɪdʒər/

one who has lived in a village most of their life

From this reading “If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young gentleman adjective + noun

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

hard frost adjective + noun

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

indulge in verb + particle

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

rid of verb + particle

do away with

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

at billiards preposition + noun

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

good housekeeper adjective + noun

In this reading “The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.”

other words adjective + noun

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

at cards preposition + noun

In this reading “|THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.”

All words in this reading · 155

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

abjectadjectiveUS /ˈæbdʒekt/

of the most contemptible kind

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

augustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

Aynton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

bell-handle

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

billiardsnounUS /ˈbɪljərdz/

any of several games played on rectangular cloth-covered table (with cushioned edges) in which long tapering cue sticks are used to propel ivory (or composition) balls

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

candle-light

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

cardsnounUS /kɑːrdz/

a game played with playing cards

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

columnsnounUS /ˈkɑːləmz/

plural of “column” — a line of units following one after another

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

congratulatedverbUS /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪtɪd/

past form of “congratulate” — say something to someone that expresses praise

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

declinedverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnd/

past form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

duskyadjective

lighted by or as if by twilight

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

efficiencynounUS /ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

the ratio of the output to the input of any system

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

filialadjectiveUS /ˈfɪliəl/

designating the generation or the sequence of generations following the parental generation

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

foxnounUS /fɑːks/

alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

free-handed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

friendlyadjectiveUS /ˈfrendli/

characteristic of or befitting a friend

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

generationsnounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

generousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəs/

willing to give and share unstintingly

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

good-cheer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

hospitableadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːˈspɪtəbəl/

favorable to life and growth

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

housekeepernounUS /ˈhaʊskiːpər/

a servant who is employed to perform domestic task in a household

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

indulgeverbUS /ˌɪnˈdʌldʒ/

give free rein to

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

joyousadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔɪəs/

full of or characterized by joy

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

lackedverbUS /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

Letty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

Lisgards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

membernounUS /ˈmembər/

one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

Mirk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

obediencenounUS /oʊˈbiːdiəns/

the act of obeying; dutiful or submissive behavior with respect to another person

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

pastimenounUS /ˈpæstaɪm/

a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

paternaladjectiveUS /pəˈtɜːrnəl/

belonging to or inherited from one's father

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

pullingnounUS /ˈpʊlɪŋ/

the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

readernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

repaymentnounUS /riˈpeɪmənt/

the act of returning money received previously

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

revolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

ridverbUS /rɪd/

relieve from

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

RosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

strolledverbUS /stroʊld/

past form of “stroll” — walk leisurely and with no apparent aim

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

thanksnounUS /θæŋks/

an acknowledgment of appreciation

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I do not say that they expected no repayment; their rule was paternal, and they looked for something like filial obedience in return.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

tidingsnounUS /ˈtaɪdɪŋz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

tokennounUS /ˈtoʊkən/

an individual instance of a type of symbol

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

topsadjectiveUS /tɑːps/

of the highest quality

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

viciousadjectiveUS /ˈvɪʃəs/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

victualsnoun

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

villagernounUS /ˈvɪlɪdʒər/

one who has lived in a village most of their life

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The snow had ceased to fall, but not before, like a good housekeeper when the family has left town, it had covered up everything very carefully, except the tops of the chimneys, through which the tidings of good-cheer rolled forth in dusky columns from every cottage; for there were no abject poor in Mirk, thanks to my Lady, or any that lacked victuals at that joyous season.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The Lisgards had ever been a free-handed race, as generous out of doors as hospitable within; and their influence for good had been felt for generations throughout the village.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

yeomanrynoun

class of small freeholders who cultivated their own land

From this reading If a villager had passed any member of that august family without pulling his hair, as though it were a bell-handle, in token of respect, it would have been considered a sign of revolution, and they would have congratulated themselves that the yeomanry were in a state of efficiency.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading |THE day after Christmas Day was friendly to the fox; in other words, a hard frost; and since Miss Rose Aynton and Letty had declined to play at billiards with Walter until the afternoon--for it is vicious (in the country) to indulge in that pastime in the morning, as it is to play at cards before candle-light--that young gentleman, being no reader, felt the time rather heavy on his hands, and strolled into the village to get rid of it.

Chapter 5 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn holds 74 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 5 holds 74 sentences of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 74 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Common questions about reading Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #47771, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) take to read?

About 142 minutes of reading across 343 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Midnight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Depth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Winter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.