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Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)
Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter VII · A Broken Friendship

Chapter VII of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), “A Broken Friendship,” is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
|WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.
Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.
To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.
Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.
It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Chapter VII · A Broken Friendship

Chapter VII of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), “A Broken Friendship,” is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
|WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.
Line 2
Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.
/jet ɔːl ðɪs taɪm maɪ ˈleɪdi huː ɪz soʊ fɑːnd ʌv ˈaʊtdɔːr ˈeksərsaɪz ˈiːvɪn ɪn rʌf ˈweðər ənd sʌtʃ ə ˈkɑːnstənt ˈvɪzɪtər ʌv ðə puːr hæz ˈnevər bɪn siːn bɪˈɑːnd ðə pɑːrk ɡeɪts/
Line 3
To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.
Line 4
Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.
Line 5
It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.
/ɪt ɪz naʊ ˌʌndərˈstʊd ðæt ʃiː wɪl ˈsɜːrtənli steɪ ˈoʊvər ðə feˈstɪvətiz əˈtendənt əˈpɑːn sɜːr ˈrɪtʃərdz ˈkʌmɪŋ ʌv eɪdʒ ɪn dʒuːn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

festivities noun US /feˈstɪvətiz/

plural of “festivity” — any joyous diversion

From this reading “It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.”

indefinitely adverb US /ˌɪnˈdefənətli/

to an indefinite extent; for an indefinite time

From this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

outdoor adjective US /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading “Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.”

postponed verb US /poʊstˈpoʊnd/

past form of “postpone” — hold back to a later time

From this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

resident adjective US /ˈrezɪdənt/

living in a particular place

From this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

Richard's noun US /ˈrɪtʃərdz/

possessive form of “richards” — English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)

From this reading “It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.”

thawed adjective US /θɔːd/

no longer frozen solid

From this reading “|WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.”

week's noun US /wiːks/

possessive form of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Park gates noun + noun

In this reading “Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.”

rough weather adjective + noun

In this reading “Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.”

constant visitor adjective + noun

In this reading “Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.”

young lady adjective + noun

a young female

In this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

three weeks noun + noun counted as “three week”

In this reading “To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.”

with the exception preposition + article + noun counted as “with … exception”

In this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

cold winds adjective + noun counted as “cold wind”

In this reading “|WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.”

most attentive adverb + adjective

In this reading “Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.”

All words in this reading · 130

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

AbbeynounUS /ˈæbi/

a church associated with a monastery or convent

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

attendantnounUS /əˈtendənt/

someone who waits on or tends to or attends to the needs of another

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

attentiveadjectiveUS /əˈtentɪv/

(often followed by “to”) giving care or attention

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

Aynton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

clothingnounUS /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/

a covering designed to be worn on a person's body

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

exceptionnounUS /ɪkˈsepʃən/

a deliberate act of omission

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

festivitiesnounUS /feˈstɪvətiz/

plural of “festivity” — any joyous diversion

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

gatesnounUS /ɡeɪts/

United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

hostessnounUS /ˈhoʊstəs/

a woman host

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

indefinitelyadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdefənətli/

to an indefinite extent; for an indefinite time

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

LondonnounUS /ˈlʌndən/

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

MarchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

Mirk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

nakednessnoun

the state of being without clothing or covering of any kind

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

nature'snounUS /ˈneɪtʃərz/

possessive form of “nature” — the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

niceadjectiveUS /naɪs/

pleasant or pleasing or agreeable in nature or appearance

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

outdooradjectiveUS /ˈaʊtdɔːr/

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

ParknounUS /pɑːrk/

a large area of land preserved in its natural state as public property

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

postponedverbUS /poʊstˈpoʊnd/

past form of “postpone” — hold back to a later time

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

prolongedadjectiveUS /prəˈlɔːŋd/

relatively long in duration; tediously protracted

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

residentadjectiveUS /ˈrezɪdənt/

living in a particular place

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

Richard'snounUS /ˈrɪtʃərdz/

possessive form of “richards” — English literary critic who collaborated with C. K. Ogden and contributed to the development of Basic English (1893-1979)

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

RosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

shortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

stayverbUS /steɪ/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

thawedadjectiveUS /θɔːd/

no longer frozen solid

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

vaguelyadverbUS /ˈveɪɡli/

in a vague way

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

weathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

week'snounUS /wiːks/

possessive form of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

WEEKSnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It is now understood that she will certainly stay over the festivities attendant upon Sir Richard's coming of age in June.

windsnounUS /wɪndz/

plural of “wind” — air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

worstnounUS /wɜːrst/

the least favorable outcome

From this reading |WEEKS and months have passed by at Mirk Abbey; the snow has thawed, and the cold winds of March have done their worst, and the spring is clothing nature's nakedness with garments of green.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading To be sure, she has had more to keep her within than usual, for the captain not only has got his leave prolonged at the beginning of the year, but came home for three weeks very shortly after, and is at Mirk again at the present time.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet all this time, my Lady, who is so fond of outdoor exercise, even in rough weather, and such a constant visitor of the poor, has never been seen beyond the Park gates.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Miss Rose Aynton, too, a very nice young lady, and most attentive to her hostess, seems to have become quite a resident at the Abbey, for, with the exception of a week's absence in London, she has remained there since Christmas, her departure having indeed been vaguely fixed more than once, but only to be as indefinitely postponed.

Chapter 7 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn holds 72 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) contain?

Chapter 7 holds 72 sentences of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 72 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Common questions about reading Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) by James Payn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)?

Yes. All 1714 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47771 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47771, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) take to read?

About 142 minutes of reading across 343 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) section by section

How to work through Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3) to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3)

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3), each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Midnight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Depth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Winter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mirk Abbey, Volume 1 (of 3); the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.