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Miscellaneous Aphorisms
Miscellaneous Aphorisms

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Miscellaneous Aphorisms
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.
If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.
The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.
They degrade the classics into authorities.
They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Miscellaneous Aphorisms

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.
/bʌt ɪn ðə keɪs ʌv ˈʃeɪkspiːr ɪt ɪz kwaɪt ˈɑːbviəs ðæt ðə ˈpʌblɪk ˈrɪli siː ˈniːðər ðə ˈbjuːtiz nɔːr ðə ˈdiːfekts ʌv hɪz pleɪz/
Line 2
If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.
/ɪf ðeɪ sɔː ðə ˈbjuːtiz ðeɪ wʊd nɑːt ˈɑːbdʒekt tuː ðə dɪˈveləpmənt ʌv ðə ˈdrɑːmə ənd ɪf ðeɪ sɔː ðə ˈdiːfekts ðeɪ wʊd nɑːt ˈɑːbdʒekt tuː ðə dɪˈveləpmənt ʌv ðə ˈdrɑːmə ˈiːðər/
Line 3
The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.
/ðə fækt ɪz ðə ˈpʌblɪk meɪk juːs ʌv ðə ˈklæsɪks ʌv ə ˈkʌntri æz ə miːnz ʌv ˈtʃekɪŋ ðə ˈprɑːɡres ʌv ɑːrt/
Line 4
They degrade the classics into authorities.
/ðeɪ dɪˈɡreɪd ðə ˈklæsɪks ˈɪntuː əˈθɔːrətiz/
Line 5
They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

authorities noun US /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading “They degrade the classics into authorities.”

beauties noun US /ˈbjuːtiz/

plural of “beauty” — the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading “But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.”

checking verb US /ˈtʃekɪŋ/

-ing form of “check” — examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition

From this reading “The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.”

classics noun US /ˈklæsɪks/

study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome

From this reading “The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.”

defects noun US /ˈdiːfekts/

plural of “defect” — an imperfection in a bodily system

From this reading “But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.”

degrade verb US /dɪˈɡreɪd/

reduce the level of land, as by erosion

From this reading “They degrade the classics into authorities.”

development noun US /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading “If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.”

preventing verb US /prɪˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading “They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

quite obvious adverb + adjective

In this reading “But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.”

make use verb + noun

In this reading “The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.”

new forms adjective + noun counted as “new form”

In this reading “They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.”

in the case preposition + article + noun counted as “in … case”

In this reading “But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.”

All words in this reading · 54

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

Artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

authoritiesnounUS /əˈθɔːrətiz/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading They degrade the classics into authorities.

beautiesnounUS /ˈbjuːtiz/

plural of “beauty” — the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

BeautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

bludgeons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

checkingverbUS /ˈtʃekɪŋ/

-ing form of “check” — examine so as to determine accuracy, quality, or condition

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

classicsnounUS /ˈklæsɪks/

study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

defectsnounUS /ˈdiːfekts/

plural of “defect” — an imperfection in a bodily system

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

degradeverbUS /dɪˈɡreɪd/

reduce the level of land, as by erosion

From this reading They degrade the classics into authorities.

developmentnounUS /dɪˈveləpmənt/

act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

dramanounUS /ˈdrɑːmə/

a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

expressionnounUS /ɪkˈspreʃən/

the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They degrade the classics into authorities.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

neitherdeterminerUS /ˈniːðər/

not one and not the other of two

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

obviousadjectiveUS /ˈɑːbviəs/

easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

preventingverbUS /prɪˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “prevent” — keep from happening or arising; make impossible

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

progressnounUS /ˈprɑːɡres/

gradual improvement or growth or development

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

ShakespearenounUS /ˈʃeɪkspiːr/

English poet and dramatist considered one of the greatest English writers (1564-1616)

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But in the case of Shakespeare it is quite obvious that the public really see neither the beauties nor the defects of his plays.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They use them as bludgeons for preventing the free expression of Beauty in new forms.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading The fact is, the public make use of the classics of a country as a means of checking the progress of Art.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If they saw the beauties, they would not object to the development of the drama; and if they saw the defects, they would not object to the development of the drama either.

Chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms by Oscar Wilde holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms contain?

Chapter 5 holds 408 sentences of Miscellaneous Aphorisms, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms by Oscar Wilde exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Miscellaneous Aphorisms?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Miscellaneous Aphorisms

Common questions about reading Miscellaneous Aphorisms by Oscar Wilde on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Miscellaneous Aphorisms?

Yes. All 2117 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #33979 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Miscellaneous Aphorisms is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #33979, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Miscellaneous Aphorisms take to read?

About 176 minutes of reading across 424 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Miscellaneous Aphorisms section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Miscellaneous Aphorisms

Words and structures a reader meets early in Miscellaneous Aphorisms, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Miscellaneous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Aphorisms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Aphorisms
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Aphorisms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Followed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Aphorisms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mystery
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Aphorisms; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.