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Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1
Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/2 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.
The slaughter is immense.
Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.
He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.
Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1

Chapter IX · Chapter 9

Chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 is here in full — 11 sentences across 3 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/2 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.
Line 2
The slaughter is immense.
/ðə ˈslɔːtər ɪz ˌɪˈmens/
Line 3
Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.
Line 4
He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.
Line 5
Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.
/əˈlæs hɪz oʊn skʌl ɪz naʊ kleft baɪ ðə ˈkɔːrsəkən sɔːrd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cleft noun US /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading “Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.”

Corsican adjective US /ˈkɔːrsəkən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Corsica or its people

From this reading “Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.”

Elbe noun US /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading “He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.”

hastens verb US /ˈheɪsənz/

third-person singular of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading “Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.”

Herman noun US /ˈhɜːrmən/

United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)

From this reading “He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.”

histories noun US /ˈhɪstəriz/

plural of “history” — the aggregate of past events

From this reading “Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.”

inactive adjective US /ˌɪˈnæktɪv/

(chemistry) not participating in a chemical reaction; chemically inert

From this reading “Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.”

skulls noun US /skʌlz/

plural of “skull” — the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading “He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AlasexclamationUS /əˈlæs/

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

attacksnounUS /əˈtæks/

plural of “attack” — (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

BerlinnounUS /bərˈlɪn/

capital of Germany located in eastern Germany

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

cleftnounUS /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

conductedverbUS /kənˈdʌktəd/

past form of “conduct” — direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

CorsicanadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːrsəkən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Corsica or its people

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

craniologistnoun

someone who claims to be able to read your character from the shape of your skull

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

dweltverbUS /dwelt/

inflected form of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

ElbenounUS /elb/

a river in central Europe that arises in northwestern Czechoslovakia and flows northward through Germany to empty into the North Sea

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

happilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

hastensverbUS /ˈheɪsənz/

third-person singular of “hasten” — act or move at high speed

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

HermannounUS /ˈhɜːrmən/

United States jazz musician and bandleader (1913-1987)

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

historiesnounUS /ˈhɪstəriz/

plural of “history” — the aggregate of past events

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The slaughter is immense.

inactiveadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnæktɪv/

(chemistry) not participating in a chemical reaction; chemically inert

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The slaughter is immense.

killsnounUS /kɪlz/

plural of “kill” — the act of terminating a life

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

linden-shadowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

MarsnounUS /mɑːrz/

a small reddish planet that is the 4th from the sun and is periodically visible to the naked eye; minerals rich in iron cover its surface and are responsible for its characteristic color

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

measuredadjectiveUS /ˈmeʒərd/

having notes of fixed rhythmic value

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

NapoleonnounUS /nəˈpoʊliən/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

particularisedadjective

directed toward a specific object

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

Prussians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

rouseverbUS /raʊs/

become active

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

SilencenounUS /ˈsaɪ.ləns/

Complete absence of sound; a state of quietness and stillness.

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

skullnounUS /skʌl/

the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

skullsnounUS /skʌlz/

plural of “skull” — the bony skeleton of the head of vertebrates

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

slaughternounUS /ˈslɔːtər/

the killing of animals (as for food)

From this reading The slaughter is immense.

slays

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

swordnounUS /sɔːrd/

a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Alas! his own skull is now cleft by the Corsican sword.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

unexpectedlyadverbUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪdli/

in a way that was not expected

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Mars, seeing the English army thus inactive, hastens to rouse Napoleon, who, conducted by Night and Silence, unexpectedly attacks the Prussians.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Napoleon kills many whose histories and families are happily particularised.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He slays Herman, the craniologist, who dwelt by the linden-shadowed Elbe, and measured with his eye the skulls of all who walked through the streets of Berlin.

Chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay holds 11 sentences, grouped into 3 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 contain?

Chapter 9 holds 11 sentences of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1, unabridged, divided into 3 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 11 sentences, grouped into 3 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 9 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1?

Work through the 3 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 3 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 9 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 9 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1

Common questions about reading Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1?

Yes. All 1279 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2167 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2167, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 take to read?

About 106 minutes of reading across 256 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 section by section

How to work through Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Parish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dennis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pleasant
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parts
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.