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Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2
Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.
Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."
The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.
His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.
Is this the case here?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 is here in full — 142 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.
/əˈmɪdst hoʊl hiːps ʌv ˈspaɪsəz laɪts ə bɔːl ənd naʊ ðer ˈoʊdərs ɑːrmd əˈɡenst ðem flaɪ/
Line 2
Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."
Line 3
The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.
/ðə ˈpoʊət ʃʊd pleɪs hɪz ˈriːdərz æz ˈnɪrli æz ˈpɑːsəbəl ɪn ðə ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən ʌv ðə ˈsʌfərərz ɔːr ðə ˈspekteɪtərz/
Line 4
His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.
/hɪz neˈreɪʃən ɔːt tuː prəˈduːs ˈfiːlɪŋz ˈsɪmələr tuː ðoʊz wɪtʃ wʊd biː ɪkˈsaɪtəd baɪ ðə ɪˈvent ˌɪtˈself/
Line 5
Is this the case here?
/ɪz ðɪs ðə keɪs hiːr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aromatic adjective US /ˌerəˈmætɪk/

(chemistry) of or relating to or containing one or more benzene rings

From this reading “Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."”

heaps noun US /hiːps/

a large number or amount

From this reading “"Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.”

narration noun US /neˈreɪʃən/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading “His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.”

odours noun US /ˈoʊdərs/

plural of “odour” — the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading “"Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.”

porcelain noun US /ˈpɔːrsələn/

ceramic ware made of a more or less translucent ceramic

From this reading “Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."”

spices noun US /ˈspaɪsəz/

plural of “spice” — aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative

From this reading “"Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.”

splinters noun US /ˈsplɪntərz/

wood in small pieces or splinters

From this reading “Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."”

sufferers noun US /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading “The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

AmidstprepositionUS /əˈmɪdst/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

aromaticadjectiveUS /ˌerəˈmætɪk/

(chemistry) of or relating to or containing one or more benzene rings

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

ballnounUS /bɔːl/

round object that is hit or thrown or kicked in games

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Is this the case here?

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

eventnounUS /ɪˈvent/

something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

feelingsnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋz/

emotional or moral sensitivity (especially in relation to personal principles or dignity)

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

flyverbUS /flaɪ/

travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

heapsnounUS /hiːps/

a large number or amount

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Is this the case here?

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Is this the case here?

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

lightsnounUS /laɪts/

plural of “light” — (physics) electromagnetic radiation that can produce a visual sensation

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

narrationnounUS /neˈreɪʃən/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

odoursnounUS /ˈoʊdərs/

plural of “odour” — the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

poetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

porcelainnounUS /ˈpɔːrsələn/

ceramic ware made of a more or less translucent ceramic

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

possibleadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːsəbəl/

capable of happening or existing

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

preciouslyadverb

extremely

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

produceverbUS /prəˈduːs/

bring forth or yield

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

readersnounUS /ˈriːdərz/

plural of “reader” — a person who enjoys reading

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

shatteredadjectiveUS /ˈʃætərd/

ruined or disrupted

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

similaradjectiveUS /ˈsɪmələr/

marked by correspondence or resemblance

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

situationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

spectatorsnounUS /ˈspekteɪtərz/

plural of “spectator” — a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

spicesnounUS /ˈspaɪsəz/

plural of “spice” — aromatic substances of vegetable origin used as a preservative

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

splintersnounUS /ˈsplɪntərz/

wood in small pieces or splinters

From this reading Some preciously by shattered porcelain fall, And some by aromatic splinters die."

sufferersnounUS /ˈsʌfərərz/

plural of “sufferer” — a person suffering from an illness

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The poet should place his readers, as nearly as possible, in the situation of the sufferers or the spectators.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Is this the case here?

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading "Amidst whole heaps of spices lights a ball; And now their odours armed against them fly.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading His narration ought to produce feelings similar to those which would be excited by the event itself.

Chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay holds 142 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 142 sentences of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 142 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #2168, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 498 minutes of reading across 1197 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Miscellaneous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Speeches
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Macaulay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.