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Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2
Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.
In some weeks the report was made.
From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.
France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.
Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Chapter XXXVIII · Chapter 38

Chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 is here in full — 152 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.
Line 2
In some weeks the report was made.
/ɪn sʌm wiːks ðə riˈpɔːrt wɑːz meɪd/
Line 3
From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.
Line 4
France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.
Line 5
Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

circuits noun US /ˈsɜːrkəts/

plural of “circuit” — an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

guillotine noun US /ˈɡɪlətiːn/

closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

itinerant noun US /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

revolutionary adjective US /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

tribunals noun US /ˌtraɪˈbjuːnəlz/

plural of “tribunal” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

trusty noun US /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading “France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.”

twenty-one noun US /ˈtwentiwɔːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one

From this reading “At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.”

violation noun US /vaɪəˈleɪʃən/

a crime less serious than a felony

From this reading “Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

addingverbUS /ˈædɪŋ/

-ing form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

Barere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

Billaud

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

circuitsnounUS /ˈsɜːrkəts/

plural of “circuit” — an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

Collot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

committeenounUS /kəˈmɪti/

a special group delegated to consider some matter

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

composedadjectiveUS /kəmˈpoʊzd/

serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

conductverbUS /ˈkɑːndəkt/

direct the course of; manage or control

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

containingverbUS /kənˈteɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

ConventionnounUS /kənˈvenʃən/

a large formal assembly

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

crimenounUS /kraɪm/

(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

departmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

examineverbUS /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/

consider in detail and subject to an analysis in order to discover essential features or meaning

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

freedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

guillotinenounUS /ˈɡɪlətiːn/

closure imposed on the debate of specific sections of a bill

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

insistedverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɪstəd/

past form of “insist” — be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

itinerantnounUS /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

Jacobins

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

membersnounUS /ˈmembərz/

plural of “member” — one of the persons who compose a social group (especially individuals who have joined and participate in a group organization)

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

moveverbUS /muːv/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

propositionnounUS /ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

resolvedadjectiveUS /riˈzɑːlvd/

determined

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

revolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

revolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

signedadjectiveUS /saɪnd/

having a handwritten signature

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

Thermidornoun

eleventh month of the Revolutionary calendar (July and August); the month of heat

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

trainverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

travelverbUS /ˈtrævəl/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

tribunalsnounUS /ˌtraɪˈbjuːnəlz/

plural of “tribunal” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

trustynounUS /ˈtrʌsti/

a convict who is considered trustworthy and granted special privileges

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

twenty-onenounUS /ˈtwentiwɔːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty and one

From this reading At length, five months after the revolution of Thermidor, the Convention resolved that a committee of twenty-one members should be appointed to examine into the conduct of Billaud, Collot, and Barere.

violationnounUS /vaɪəˈleɪʃən/

a crime less serious than a felony

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading From that report we learn that a paper had been discovered, signed by Barere, and containing a proposition for adding the last improvement to the system of terror.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading In some weeks the report was made.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading France was to be divided into circuits; itinerant revolutionary tribunals, composed of trusty Jacobins, were to move from department to department; and the guillotine was to travel in their train.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Barere, in his defence, insisted that no speech or motion which he had made in the Convention could, without a violation of the freedom of debate, be treated as a crime.

Chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay holds 152 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 contain?

Chapter 38 holds 152 sentences of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Baron Macaulay exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 152 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 38 of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 38 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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How to work through Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2

Words and structures a reader meets early in Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Miscellaneous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Writings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Speeches
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Macaulay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Miscellaneous Writings and Speeches — Volume 2; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.