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Modern American Poetry
Modern American Poetry

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry is here in full — 376 sentences across 76 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.
Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.
And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.
Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.
_Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Modern American Poetry

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry is here in full — 376 sentences across 76 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/75 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.
Line 2
Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.
Line 3
And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.
/ənd swiːt ðeɪ seɪ ɪz hɜːr kɪs tuː ðoʊz ʃiː ɡriːts tuː hɪz ˈbɔːrdər hoʊm ənd ˈsɑːftər ðæn sliːp hɜːr hændz fɜːrst swiːp ðæt ˈbekənz ənd ðeɪ kʌm/
Line 4
Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.
Line 5
_Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

beckons verb US /ˈbekənz/

third-person singular of “beckon” — signal with the hands or nod

From this reading “And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.”

bleaching verb US /ˈbliːtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “bleach” — remove color from

From this reading “_Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._”

buries verb US /ˈberiz/

third-person singular of “bury” — cover from sight

From this reading “Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.”

greets verb US /ɡriːts/

third-person singular of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading “And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.”

gruesome adjective US /ˈɡruːsəm/

shockingly repellent; inspiring horror

From this reading “Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.”

hand's noun US /hændz/

possessive form of “hand” — the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

hoy noun US /hɔɪ/

a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading “_Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._”

tallest adjective US /ˈtɔːlɪst/

superlative of “tall” — great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading “Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

tallest mast adjective + noun counted as “tall mast”

In this reading “Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.”

strong enough adjective + noun

In this reading “Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

balladsnounUS /ˈbælədz/

plural of “ballad” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

barquenoun

a sailing ship with 3 (or more) masts

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

beckonsverbUS /ˈbekənz/

third-person singular of “beckon” — signal with the hands or nod

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

bideverbUS /baɪd/

dwell

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

bleachingverbUS /ˈbliːtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “bleach” — remove color from

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

bordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

bridenounUS /braɪd/

a woman who has recently been married

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

burdennounUS /ˈbɜːrdən/

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

buriesverbUS /ˈberiz/

third-person singular of “bury” — cover from sight

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

crookedadjectiveUS /ˈkrʊkəd/

having or marked by bends or angles; not straight or aligned

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

eldnoun

a late time of life

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

gravenounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

greetsverbUS /ɡriːts/

third-person singular of “greet” — express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

gruesomeadjectiveUS /ˈɡruːsəm/

shockingly repellent; inspiring horror

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

hand'snounUS /hændz/

possessive form of “hand” — the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

handleverbUS /ˈhændəl/

be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

he'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

hipnounUS /hɪp/

either side of the body below the waist and above the thigh

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

hoynounUS /hɔɪ/

a flatbottom boat for carrying heavy loads (especially on canals)

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

kissnounUS /kɪs/

the act of caressing with the lips (or an instance thereof)

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

mastnounUS /mæst/

a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

merryadjectiveUS /ˈmeri/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

nearestadverbUS /ˈnɪrəst/

(superlative of “near” or “close”) within the shortest distance

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

rednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

ripverbUS /rɪp/

tear or be torn violently

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

shoulderverbUS /ˈʃoʊldər/

lift onto one's shoulders

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

slaververb

let saliva drivel from the mouth

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

softeradjectiveUS /ˈsɑːftər/

comparative of “soft” — yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

sungnounUS /sʌŋ/

the imperial dynasty of China from 960 to 1279; noted for art and literature and philosophy

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

sweepverbUS /swiːp/

sweep across or over

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

tallestadjectiveUS /ˈtɔːlɪst/

superlative of “tall” — great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Oh, crooked is he, but strong enough To handle the tallest mast; From the royal barque to the slaver dark, He buries them all at last.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading And sweet, they say, is her kiss to those She greets to his border home; And softer than sleep her hand’s first sweep That beckons, and they come.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He learned it once in his father’s house, Where the ballads of eld were sung; And merry enough is the burden rough, But no man knows the tongue.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

wilfuladjective

done by design

From this reading Oh, fair, they say, was his bride to see, And wilful she must have been, That she could bide at his gruesome side When the first red dawn came in.

Willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Then hoy and rip, with a rolling hip, He makes for the nearest shore; And God, who sent him a thousand ship, Will send him a thousand more; But some he’ll save for a bleaching grave, And shoulder them in to shore,— Shoulder them in, shoulder them in, Shoulder them in to shore._

Chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry by Louis [Editor] Untermeyer holds 376 sentences, grouped into 76 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry contain?

Chapter 4 holds 376 sentences of Modern American Poetry, unabridged, divided into 76 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry by Louis [Editor] Untermeyer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 376 sentences, grouped into 76 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Modern American Poetry?

Work through the 76 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 76 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Modern American Poetry

Common questions about reading Modern American Poetry by Louis [Editor] Untermeyer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Modern American Poetry?

Yes. All 3972 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58992 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Modern American Poetry is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58992, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Modern American Poetry take to read?

About 331 minutes of reading across 795 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Modern American Poetry section by section

How to work through Modern American Poetry section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Modern American Poetry to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Modern American Poetry

Words and structures a reader meets early in Modern American Poetry, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern American Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Challenge
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern American Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Including
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern American Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Horace
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern American Poetry; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.