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Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H
Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H is here in full — 1655 sentences across 331 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H
Context Illustration Reading 1/331 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HIRST, WILLIAM.
_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.
1858.
_Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.
HISLOP, REV.
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Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H

Chapter XXXV

Chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H is here in full — 1655 sentences across 331 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/331 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HIRST, WILLIAM.
Line 2
_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.
Line 3
1858.
Line 4
_Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.
Line 5
HISLOP, REV.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aug noun US /ˈɔːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

dresser noun US /ˈdresər/

furniture with drawers for keeping clothes

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

hydraulic adjective US /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/

moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil)

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

Leeds noun US /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

manufacturer noun US /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərər/

a business engaged in manufacturing some product

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

presses noun US /ˈpresəz/

plural of “press” — the state of demanding notice or attention

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

Taylor's noun US /ˈteɪlərz/

possessive form of “taylor” — United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)

woollen noun US /ˈwʊlən/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

large fortune adjective + noun

In this reading “_b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1777

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

1810

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

1813

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

1825

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

1858

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 1858.

1865

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

25

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

29

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

472

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

AugnounUS /ˈɔːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

bnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

Biographia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

clothnounUS /klɔːθ/

artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

commencedverbUS /kəˈmenst/

past form of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

communicatedverbUS /kəˈmjuːnəkeɪtɪd/

past form of “communicate” — transmit information

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

dnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

dressernounUS /ˈdresər/

furniture with drawers for keeping clothes

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

finishingnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃɪŋ/

a decorative texture or appearance of a surface (or the substance that gives it that appearance)

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

goodsnounUS /ɡʊdz/

plural of “good” — benefit

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

HIRST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HIRST, WILLIAM.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

HISLOP

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HISLOP, REV.

Huddersfield

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

hydraulicadjectiveUS /haɪˈdrɔːlɪk/

moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil)

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

improvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvd/

made more desirable or valuable or profitable; especially made ready for use or marketing

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

LeedsnounUS /liːdz/

a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

Leodiensis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

LewisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States rock star singer and pianist (born in 1935)

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

machinenounUS /məˈʃiːn/

any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

machinerynounUS /məˈʃiːnəri/

machines or machine systems collectively

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

manufacturernounUS /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərər/

a business engaged in manufacturing some product

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

mulesnounUS /mjuːlz/

plural of “mule” — hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

povertynounUS /ˈpɑːvərti/

the state of having little or no money and few or no material possessions

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

pressesnounUS /ˈpresəz/

plural of “press” — the state of demanding notice or attention

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

processverbUS /ˈprɑːses/

subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

REVverbUS /rev/

increase the number of rotations per minute

From this reading HISLOP, REV.

spinningnounUS /ˈspɪnɪŋ/

creating thread

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

Taylor'snounUS /ˈteɪlərz/

possessive form of “taylor” — United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)

From this reading _Taylor’s Biographia Leodiensis_ (1865) 472–4.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

WILLIAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HIRST, WILLIAM.

woollennounUS /ˈwʊlən/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

worksnounUS /wɜːrks/

buildings for carrying on industrial labor

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

YorkshirenounUS /ˈjɔːrkʃər/

a former large county in northern England; in 1974 it was divided into three smaller counties

From this reading _b._ near Huddersfield 1777; a cloth dresser and manufacturer at Leeds 1810; commenced finishing his goods by machinery 1813; introduced spinning mules, Lewis’ machine and hydraulic presses into his works 1813–25; made a large fortune which he lost in 1825; freely communicated his improved process to the public and was called the father of the Yorkshire woollen trade; _d._ in poverty at Leeds 29 Aug.

Chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H by Frederic Boase holds 1655 sentences, grouped into 331 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H contain?

Chapter 35 holds 1655 sentences of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H, unabridged, divided into 331 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H by Frederic Boase exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1655 sentences, grouped into 331 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 35 of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H?

Work through the 331 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 331 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 35 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 35 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Is this the complete text of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H?

Yes. All 65023 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #55059 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #55059, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 13005 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H section by section

How to work through Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H

Words and structures a reader meets early in Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Aldborough
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Benjamin
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Neale
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stratford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Modern English Biography, Volume 1 (of 4), A-H; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.