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Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland
Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland is here in full — 211 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.
These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.
Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.
The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.
This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland is here in full — 211 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.
/ðə reɪn ʌv ˈfredrɪk ðə ɡreɪt kɪŋ ʌv ˈprʌʃə wɑːz dɪˈstɜːrbd baɪ ə ˈsɪriz ʌv ˈblʌdi wɔːrz ənd ˈnuːmərəs wɜːr ðə ˈenəmiz huːm hɪz breɪv ˈpiːpəl ɪnˈkaʊntərd əˈpɑːn ɔːl saɪdz/
Line 2
These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.
/ðiːz ˈstrʌɡəlz wɜːr ˈɪləstreɪtəd baɪ ˈmeni diːdz ˈwɜːr.ði ʌv ənˈdaɪɪŋ rɪˈnaʊn ənd ðə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ðoʊz huː pruːvd ðer lʌv tuː ðer kɪŋ ənd ˈkʌntri baɪ ðə ˈsækrəfaɪs ʌv laɪf ˌɪtˈself wɑːz ˈfɪrfəl/
Line 3
Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.
Line 4
The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.
Line 5
This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abilities noun US /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading “Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.”

invaded verb US /ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/

past form of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading “The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.”

Poland noun US /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading “This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.”

Prussia noun US /ˈprʌʃə/

a former kingdom in north-central Europe including present-day northern Germany and northern Poland

From this reading “The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.”

renown noun US /rɪˈnaʊn/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading “These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.”

Russians noun US /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading “The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.”

undying adjective US /ənˈdaɪɪŋ/

never dying

From this reading “These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.”

universally adverb US /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəli/

everywhere

From this reading “Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

eighty thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.”

main body adjective + noun

In this reading “The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.”

bloody battles verb + noun counted as “bloody battle”

In this reading “Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.”

aged parents adjective + noun counted as “aged parent”

In this reading “Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.”

bloody wars verb + noun counted as “bloody war”

In this reading “The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.”

illustrated by verb + particle counted as “illustrate by”

In this reading “These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.”

thousand men noun + noun

In this reading “This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.”

reign of verb + particle

In this reading “The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

abilitiesnounUS /əˈbɪlətiːz/

plural of “ability” — the quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

agedadjectiveUS /eɪdʒd/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

battlesnounUS /ˈbætəlz/

plural of “battle” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

bloodyadjectiveUS /ˈblʌdi/

having or covered with or accompanied by blood

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

BloomingnounUS /ˈbluːmɪŋ/

the organic process of bearing flowers

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

deedsnounUS /diːdz/

performance of moral or religious acts

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

eightyadjectiveUS /ˈeɪti/

being ten more than seventy

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

encounteredverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntərd/

past form of “encounter” — come together

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

fearfuladjectiveUS /ˈfɪrfəl/

experiencing or showing fear

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

Fermor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

illustratedverbUS /ˈɪləstreɪtəd/

past form of “illustrate” — clarify by giving an example of

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

invadedverbUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/

past form of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

leadersnounUS /ˈliːdərz/

the body of people who lead a group

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

numerousadjectiveUS /ˈnuːmərəs/

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

owingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊɪŋ/

owed as a debt

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

PolandnounUS /ˈpoʊlənd/

a republic in central Europe; the invasion of Poland by Germany in 1939 started World War II

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

Pomerania

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

provedadjectiveUS /pruːvd/

established beyond doubt

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

PrussianounUS /ˈprʌʃə/

a former kingdom in north-central Europe including present-day northern Germany and northern Poland

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

renownnounUS /rɪˈnaʊn/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

RussiansnounUS /ˈrʌʃənz/

plural of “russian” — a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

sacrificenounUS /ˈsækrəfaɪs/

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

solenounUS /soʊl/

the underside of footwear or a golf club

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

statesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

stayverbUS /steɪ/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

striplings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

strugglesnounUS /ˈstrʌɡəlz/

plural of “struggle” — an energetic attempt to achieve something

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

undyingadjectiveUS /ənˈdaɪɪŋ/

never dying

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

universallyadverbUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəli/

everywhere

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

warsnounUS /wɔːrz/

plural of “war” — the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Russians, under Count Fermor, invaded East Prussia, which Frederick could not defend, owing to its distance from the main body of his states.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The reign of Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, was disturbed by a series of bloody wars, and numerous were the enemies whom his brave people encountered upon all sides.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

worthnounUS /wɜːrθ/

an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

From this reading Blooming striplings, the sole hope of their aged parents, stout men, the stay and comfort of their families, and noble leaders, whose worth and abilities were universally acknowledged, all fell in the bloody battles, and apparently in vain, for peace seemed as distant as ever.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading These struggles were illustrated by many deeds worthy of undying renown, and the number of those who proved their love to their king and country, by the sacrifice of life itself, was fearful.

yieldedverbUS /ˈjiːldɪd/

past form of “yield” — be the cause or source of

From this reading This province yielded, and the Count crossed Poland and Pomerania with his eighty thousand men, prepared to carry the war into the very heart of the country.

Chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland by Olga Eschenbach holds 211 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland contain?

Chapter 11 holds 211 sentences of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland by Olga Eschenbach exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 211 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland

Common questions about reading Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland by Olga Eschenbach on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland?

Yes. All 2555 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48379 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48379, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland take to read?

About 212 minutes of reading across 511 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland section by section

How to work through Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland

Words and structures a reader meets early in Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tales
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trauermantel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Molly and Kitty, or Peasant Life in Ireland; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.