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Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43
Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
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The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.
To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.
It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.
Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 is here in full — 100 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Line 2
The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.
Line 3
To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.
/tuː əˈkɑːmplɪʃ ðæt ˈpɜːrpəs ɪt set ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli əˈbaʊt ðə ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt ʌv ə reɪn ʌv ˈterər ənd soʊ kəmˈpliːt wɑːz ɪts səkˈses ðæt hæf ðə ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ʌv ə steɪt wɑːz ɪn ˈhedlɔːŋ flaɪt wɪˈðɪn tuː ˈaʊərz/
Line 4
It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.
/ɪt wɑːz fɜːrst mɪˈstɪriəs ˈsekəndli ˈdedli ənd wɪˈðɪn ə ˈveri fjuː ˈaʊərz ɪt hæd bɪlt ʌp ə ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən fɔːr ˌɪnvɪnsəˈbɪlɪti/
Line 5
Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.
/dʒʌdʒd ɑːn ðə ˈbeɪsəs ʌv ɪts fɜːrst twelv ˈaʊərz wɜːrk əˈloʊn ɪt wɑːz ðə moʊst səkˈsesfəl ɪkˈsperəmənt ʌv ðə wɔːr/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

basis noun US /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading “Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.”

civilian noun US /səˈvɪljən/

a nonmilitary citizen

From this reading “The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.”

headlong adverb US /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading “To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.”

invincibility noun US /ˌɪnvɪnsəˈbɪlɪti/

the property being difficult or impossible to defeat

From this reading “It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.”

morale noun US /mərˈæl/

a state of individual psychological well-being based upon a sense of confidence and usefulness and purpose

From this reading “The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.”

secondly adverb US /ˈsekəndli/

in the second place

From this reading “It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.”

systematically adverb US /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading “To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.”

undermining verb US /ˈʌndərmaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “undermine” — destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading “The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

accomplishverbUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/

put in effect

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

basisnounUS /ˈbeɪsəs/

a relation that provides the foundation for something

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

civiliannounUS /səˈvɪljən/

a nonmilitary citizen

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

completeverbUS /kəmˈpliːt/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

deadlyadjectiveUS /ˈdedli/

causing or capable of causing death

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

establishmentnounUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/

the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

experimentnounUS /ɪkˈsperəmənt/

the act of conducting a controlled test or investigation

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

headlongadverbUS /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

invincibilitynounUS /ˌɪnvɪnsəˈbɪlɪti/

the property being difficult or impossible to defeat

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

JudgedverbUS /dʒʌdʒd/

past form of “judge” — determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

meantverbUS /ment/

inflected form of “mean” — mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

moralenounUS /mərˈæl/

a state of individual psychological well-being based upon a sense of confidence and usefulness and purpose

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

mysteriousadjectiveUS /mɪˈstɪriəs/

of an obscure nature

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

reignverbUS /reɪn/

have sovereign power

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

secondlyadverbUS /ˈsekəndli/

in the second place

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

successfuladjectiveUS /səkˈsesfəl/

having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

systematicallyadverbUS /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪkli/

in a systematic or consistent manner

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

underminingverbUS /ˈʌndərmaɪnɪŋ/

-ing form of “undermine” — destroy property or hinder normal operations

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was, first, mysterious; secondly, deadly, and within a very few hours it had built up a reputation for invincibility.

Wabbly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Wabbly was meant for one purpose, the undermining of civilian morale.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading To accomplish that purpose it set systematically about the establishment of a reign of terror; and so complete was its success that half the population of a state was in headlong flight within two hours.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Judged on the basis of its first twelve hours' work alone, it was the most successful experiment of the war.

Chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 by Murray Leinster holds 100 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 contain?

Chapter 2 holds 100 sentences of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 by Murray Leinster exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 100 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43

Common questions about reading Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 by Murray Leinster on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43?

Yes. All 928 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20920 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20920, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 take to read?

About 77 minutes of reading across 186 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 section by section

How to work through Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43

Words and structures a reader meets early in Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Story
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Profound
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Influence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Civilian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Morale: A Story of the War of 1941-43; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.