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Motors
Motors

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Motors is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Motors
Context Illustration Reading 1/19 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.
We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.
The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.
A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.
The difference may be explained as follows:
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Motors

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Motors is here in full — 97 sentences across 20 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/19 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.
Line 2
We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.
/wiː ʃæl naʊ kənˈsɪdər ðæt taɪp ʌv ˈmoʊtər wɪtʃ kriˈeɪts ðə hiːt wɪˈðɪn ðə ˈsɪləndər ˌɪtˈself ənd ˈkɑːzəz æn ɪkˈspænʃən wɪtʃ ɪz æt wʌns juːzd ənd dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd æt ðə rɪˈsɪprəkeɪtɪŋ ˈmoʊʃən ʌv ðə ˈpɪstən/
Line 3
The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.
/ðə ərˈɪdʒənəl ˈmeθəd ʌv ˈjuːtəlaɪzɪŋ wʌt ɪz kɔːld ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl kəmˈbʌstʃən ˈmoʊtərz wɑːz tuː emˈplɔɪ ə fɪkst ɡæs/
Line 4
A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.
/ə fɪkst ɡæs ɪz wʌn wɪtʃ wɪl rɪˈmeɪn ˈpɜːrmənəntli ɪn ðæt kənˈdɪʃən ənˈlaɪk ə ˈveɪpər meɪd frʌm ˈɡæsəliːn/
Line 5
The difference may be explained as follows:
/ðə ˈdɪfərəns meɪ biː ɪkˈspleɪnd æz ˈfɑːloʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

combustion noun US /kəmˈbʌstʃən/

a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light

From this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

creates verb US /kriˈeɪts/

third-person singular of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading “We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.”

cylinders noun US /ˈsɪləndərz/

plural of “cylinder” — a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)

From this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

expansion noun US /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

gasoline noun US /ˈɡæsəliːn/

a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

From this reading “A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.”

piston noun US /ˈpɪstən/

United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)

From this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

reciprocating verb US /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “reciprocate” — act, feel, or give mutually or in return

From this reading “We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.”

utilizing verb US /ˈjuːtəlaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “utilize” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

steam engine verb + noun

external-combustion engine in which heat is used to raise steam which either turns a turbine or forces a piston to move up and down in a cylinder

In this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.”

for the purpose preposition + article + noun counted as “for … purpose”

In this reading “THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The difference may be explained as follows:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

causingnounUS /ˈkɑːzɪŋ/

the act of causing something to happen

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

COMBUSTIONnounUS /kəmˈbʌstʃən/

a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

considerverbUS /kənˈsɪdər/

deem to be

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

createsverbUS /kriˈeɪts/

third-person singular of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

cylindernounUS /ˈsɪləndər/

a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

cylindersnounUS /ˈsɪləndərz/

plural of “cylinder” — a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

developedadjectiveUS /dɪˈveləpt/

being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading The difference may be explained as follows:

dischargedadjectiveUS /dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒd/

having lost your job

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

employverbUS /emˈplɔɪ/

put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

ENGINEnounUS /ˈendʒən/

motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

expansionnounUS /ɪkˈspænʃən/

the act of increasing (something) in size or volume or quantity or scope

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

explainedverbUS /ɪkˈspleɪnd/

past form of “explain” — make plain and comprehensible

From this reading The difference may be explained as follows:

fixedadjectiveUS /fɪkst/

(of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

followsverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊz/

third-person singular of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The difference may be explained as follows:

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

fro

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

gasnounUS /ɡæs/

the state of matter distinguished from the solid and liquid states by: relatively low density and viscosity

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

gasolinenounUS /ˈɡæsəliːn/

a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

INTERNALadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtɜːrnəl/

happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The difference may be explained as follows:

methodnounUS /ˈmeθəd/

a way of doing something, especially a systematic way; implies an orderly logical arrangement (usually in steps)

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

motornounUS /ˈmoʊtər/

machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

MotorsnounUS /ˈmoʊtərz/

plural of “motor” — machine that converts other forms of energy into mechanical energy and so imparts motion

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

observedadjectiveUS /əbˈzɜːrvd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

permanentlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrmənəntli/

for a long time without essential change

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

pistonnounUS /ˈpɪstən/

United States neoclassical composer (1894-1976)

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

pushverbUS /pʊʃ/

move with force

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

reciprocatingverbUS /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “reciprocate” — act, feel, or give mutually or in return

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

solelyadverbUS /ˈsoʊəli/

without any others being included or involved

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

unlikeadjectiveUS /ənˈlaɪk/

marked by dissimilarity

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

utilizingverbUS /ˈjuːtəlaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “utilize” — put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

vapornounUS /ˈveɪpər/

a visible suspension in the air of particles of some substance

From this reading A _fixed_ gas is one which will remain permanently in that condition, unlike a vapor made from gasoline.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The original method of utilizing what is called _Internal combustion_ Motors, was to employ a fixed gas.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE It will be observed that in a steam engine the heat is developed outside of the cylinders and the latter used solely for the purpose of taking the steam and utilizing it, by causing its expansion to push a piston to and fro.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading We shall now consider that type of motor which creates the heat within the cylinder itself and causes an expansion which is at once used and discharged at the reciprocating motion of the piston.

Chapter 6 of Motors by James Slough Zerbe holds 97 sentences, grouped into 20 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Motors contain?

Chapter 6 holds 97 sentences of Motors, unabridged, divided into 20 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Motors by James Slough Zerbe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 97 sentences, grouped into 20 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Motors?

Work through the 20 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 20 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Motors

Common questions about reading Motors by James Slough Zerbe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Motors?

Yes. All 1812 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42369 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Motors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42369, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Motors take to read?

About 151 minutes of reading across 363 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Motors section by section

How to work through Motors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Motors to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Motors

Words and structures a reader meets early in Motors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Motors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denoted
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Motors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Motors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Motors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.