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Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1
Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.
This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.
Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.
She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.
Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.
Line 2
This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.
/ðɪs hæd muːvd ðə ˈkʌntri ˈdiːpli ənd ðə ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən wɑːz nɑːt ˈiːzəli əˈleɪd/
Line 3
Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.
Line 4
She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.
Line 5
Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allayed verb US /əˈleɪd/

past form of “allay” — lessen the intensity of or calm

From this reading “This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.”

gruel noun US /ˈɡruːɪl/

a thin porridge (usually oatmeal or cornmeal)

From this reading “She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.”

lint noun US /lɪnt/

fine ravellings of cotton or linen fibers

From this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

lotion noun US /ˈloʊʃən/

any of various cosmetic preparations that are applied to the skin

From this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

mixtures noun US /ˈmɪkstʃərz/

plural of “mixture” — (chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

salve noun US /sɑːv/

semisolid preparation (usually containing a medicine) applied externally as a remedy or for soothing an irritation

From this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

stint noun US /stɪnt/

an unbroken period of time during which you do something

From this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

sympathizing verb US /ˈsɪmpəθaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “sympathize” — share the feelings of; understand the sentiments of

From this reading “She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

without stint preposition + noun

In this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

With alacrity preposition + noun

In this reading “Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.”

compared with verb + particle counted as “compare with”

In this reading “[Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.”

minor matter adjective + noun

In this reading “[Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

alacritynounUS /əˈlækrəti/

liveliness and eagerness

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

allayedverbUS /əˈleɪd/

past form of “allay” — lessen the intensity of or calm

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

bandagesnounUS /ˈbændədʒəz/

plural of “bandage” — a piece of soft material that covers and protects an injured part of the body

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

ceratenoun

a hard medicated paste made of lard or oil mixed with wax or resin

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

charmnounUS /tʃɑːrm/

attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

correspondentnounUS /ˌkɔːrəˈspɑːndənt/

someone who communicates by means of letters

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

deeplyadverbUS /ˈdiːpli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

disclosedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskloʊzd/

made known (especially something secret or concealed)

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

exertionsnounUS /ɪɡˈzɜːrʃənz/

plural of “exertion” — use of physical or mental energy; hard work

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

fearlessadjectiveUS /ˈfɪrləs/

oblivious of dangers or perils or calmly resolute in facing them

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

FlorencenounUS /ˈflɔːrəns/

a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

grievousadjectiveUS /ˈɡriːvəs/

causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

gruelnounUS /ˈɡruːɪl/

a thin porridge (usually oatmeal or cornmeal)

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

HerbertnounUS /ˈhɜːrbərt/

United States musician and composer and conductor noted for his comic operas (1859-1924)

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

heroinenounUS /ˈheroʊən/

the main good female character in a work of fiction

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

hospitalsnounUS /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

indignationnounUS /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

a feeling of righteous anger

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

jugnounUS /dʒʌɡ/

a large bottle with a narrow mouth

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

lemonadenounUS /ˈleməˈneɪd/

sweetened beverage of diluted lemon juice

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

linimentnoun

a medicinal liquid that is rubbed into the skin to relieve muscular stiffness and pain

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

lintnounUS /lɪnt/

fine ravellings of cotton or linen fibers

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

ListenverbUS /ˈlɪsən/

hear with intention

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

lotionnounUS /ˈloʊʃən/

any of various cosmetic preparations that are applied to the skin

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

medicinenounUS /ˈmedəsən/

the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

mentionverbUS /ˈmenʃən/

make reference to

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

mixturesnounUS /ˈmɪkstʃərz/

plural of “mixture” — (chemistry) a substance consisting of two or more substances mixed together (not in fixed proportions and not with chemical bonding)

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

motionnounUS /ˈmoʊʃən/

the use of movements (especially of the hands) to communicate familiar or prearranged signals

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

NightingalenounUS /ˈnaɪtɪŋɡeɪl/

European songbird noted for its melodious nocturnal song

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

Nightingale's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading This had moved the country deeply, and the indignation was not easily allayed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

pillsnounUS /pɪlz/

plural of “pill” — something that resembles a tablet of medicine in shape or size

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

promptitudenoun

the characteristic of doing things without delay

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

publicationnounUS /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən/

a copy of a printed work offered for distribution

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

Punch's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

referredverbUS /rəˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “refer” — make reference to

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

remedied

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

repeatedlyadverbUS /rɪˈpiːtɪdli/

several time

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

RussellnounUS /ˈrʌsəl/

United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

salvenounUS /sɑːv/

semisolid preparation (usually containing a medicine) applied externally as a remedy or for soothing an irritation

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

scandalnounUS /ˈskændəl/

disgraceful gossip about the private lives of other people

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

SICKadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

SidneynounUS /ˈsɪdni/

English poet (1554-1586)

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

SingingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

SOLDIERnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒər/

an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

SongnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

stintnounUS /stɪnt/

an unbroken period of time during which you do something

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

strainnounUS /streɪn/

(physics) deformation of a physical body under the action of applied forces

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

sympathizingverbUS /ˈsɪmpəθaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “sympathize” — share the feelings of; understand the sentiments of

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

talenounUS /teɪl/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

TimesnounUS /taɪmz/

a more or less definite period of time now or previously present

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

TisnounUS /tɪz/

plural of “ti” — a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Florence Nightingale's services are repeatedly referred to.

ultimatelyadverbUS /ˈʌltəmətli/

as the end result of a succession or process

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading [Sidenote: _Song of the Nightingale_] But this was a minor matter compared with the grievous scandal of the hospitals, disclosed by William Russell, the fearless correspondent of _The Times_, and ultimately remedied by the exertions of Sidney Herbert and, above all, of Florence Nightingale.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

woundsnounUS /wuːndz/

plural of “wound” — an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Singing bandages and lint, salve and cerate without stint, Singing plenty both of liniment and lotion, And your mixtures pushed about, and the pills for you served out, With alacrity and promptitude of motion.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading She was _Punch's_ chief heroine in these years, from the day of her first mention and the publication of "The Nightingale's Song":-- THE NIGHTINGALE'S SONG TO THE SICK SOLDIER Listen, soldier, to the tale of the tender Nightingale, 'Tis a charm that soon will ease your wounds so cruel, Singing medicine for your pain, in a sympathizing strain, With a jug, jug, jug of lemonade or gruel.

Chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 by Charles L. (Charles Larcom) Graves holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 417 sentences of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 by Charles L. (Charles Larcom) Graves exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1

Common questions about reading Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 by Charles L. (Charles Larcom) Graves on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1?

Yes. All 2967 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44267 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44267, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 take to read?

About 247 minutes of reading across 594 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 section by section

How to work through Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cassell
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Company
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
London
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Toronto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mr. Punch's History of Modern England — Vol. 1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.